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    Nat Struct Biol. 1996 Aug;3(8):696-700.

    Structural basis of cyclin-dependent kinase activation by phosphorylation.

    Russo AA, Jeffrey PD, Pavletich NP.

    Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.

    Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-cyclin complexes require phosphorylation on the CDK subunit for full activation of their Ser/Thr protein kinase activity. The crystal structure of the phosphorylated CDK2-CyclinA-ATP gamma S complex has been determined at 2.6 A resolution. The phosphate group, which is on the regulatory T-loop of CDK2, is mostly buried, its charge being neutralized by three Arg side chains. The arginines help extend the influence of the phosphate group through a network of hydrogen bonds to both CDK2 and cyclinA. Comparison with the unphosphorylated CDK2-CyclinA complex shows that the T-loop moves by as much as 7 A, and this affects the putative substrate binding site as well as resulting in additional CDK2-CyclinA contacts. The phosphate group thus acts as a major organizing centre in the CDK2-CyclinA complex.

    PMID: 8756328 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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