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    Cell. 1993 Aug 27;74(4):609-19.

    Bcl-2 heterodimerizes in vivo with a conserved homolog, Bax, that accelerates programmed cell death.

    Oltvai ZN, Milliman CL, Korsmeyer SJ.

    Howard Hughes Medical Institute Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.

    Bcl-2 protein is able to repress a number of apoptotic death programs. To investigate the mechanism of Bcl-2's effect, we examined whether Bcl-2 interacted with other proteins. We identified an associated 21 kd protein partner, Bax, that has extensive amino acid homology with Bcl-2, focused within highly conserved domains I and II. Bax is encoded by six exons and demonstrates a complex pattern of alternative RNA splicing that predicts a 21 kd membrane (alpha) and two forms of cytosolic protein (beta and gamma). Bax homodimerizes and forms heterodimers with Bcl-2 in vivo. Overexpressed Bax accelerates apoptotic death induced by cytokine deprivation in an IL-3-dependent cell line. Overexpressed Bax also counters the death repressor activity of Bcl-2. These data suggest a model in which the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax determines survival or death following an apoptotic stimulus.

    PMID: 8358790 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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