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The study of urinary NAG isoenzymes in different nephrotoxic states shows that each antibiotic is characterised by a specific isoenzyme profile which probably reflects the very nature of its toxic mechanism. Those aminoglycosides which are responsible for important elimination of B- and I-forms would directly induce the synthesis of these isoenzymes in the endoplasmic reticulum. Cephalosporins, which are less nephrotoxic, present profiles which are closer to those obtained for normal urine. A combination aminoglycoside plus cephalosporin, though globally more nephrotoxic than aminoglycosides alone, is characterised by relatively poorer profiles of B- and I-forms. This could be linked to the reciprocal interaction of one antibiotic with the toxic mechanisms of the other.
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