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A patient with an extensive lymphosarcoma of the spleen without involvement of other lymphoid organs and hypogammaglobulinaemia showed the characteristic complement profile of an acquired C1-inhibitor deficiency. Both functional and immunochemical studies revealed extremely low levels of the inhibitor of C1-esterase. Correction of the low levels of early acting complement components and of the low C1-inhibitor level followed the splenectomy. In vitro tests showed that lymphosarcoma tissue pieces or cells were able to interact with complement, resulting in a depletion of the haemolytic activity. These findings provide evidence that tumour cells were responsible for the abnormalities of the complement system.
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