Long-Term Care and Follow-Up in Laryngeal Cancer Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis

Blažen Marijić; Filip Tudor; Stefan Janik; Stefan Grasl; Florian Frommlet; Diana Maržić; Ita Hadžisejdić; Jelena Vukelić; Tamara Braut; Marko Velepič; Boban M Erovic

doi:10.3390/jpm13060927

Long-Term Care and Follow-Up in Laryngeal Cancer Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis

J Pers Med. 2023 May 31;13(6):927. doi: 10.3390/jpm13060927.

Authors

Blažen Marijić^{1

2

3}, Filip Tudor^{2

3}, Stefan Janik⁴, Stefan Grasl⁴, Florian Frommlet⁵, Diana Maržić^{3

6}, Ita Hadžisejdić^{3

7}, Jelena Vukelić^{3

6}, Tamara Braut^{2

3}, Marko Velepič^{2

3}, Boban M Erovic¹

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Head and Neck Diseases, Evangelical Hospital, 1180 Vienna, Austria.
² Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
³ Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
⁴ Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
⁵ Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Section for Medical Statistics, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
⁶ Department of Audiology and Phoniatrics, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
⁷ Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.

Abstract

Purpose: We conducted an outcome analysis on surgically treated laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patients.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective study with 352 patients was analyzed. A new nomogram that incorporates age, T- and N-classification, and treatment was created.

Results: Recurrence was observed in 65 (18.5%) patients after a mean time of 16.5 months. After 60 months, 91 (25.9%) of patients developed secondary primary tumors (SPT), most commonly in the lungs (n = 29; 8.2%) followed by other head and neck cancers (n = 21; 6.0%). Notably, the mean time to occurrence of secondary head and neck cancers was twice that of lung cancer (101.1 vs. 47.5 months).

Conclusion: Recurrent disease is less common in LSCC patients and appears much earlier than SPT. Because one in every four laryngeal cancer patients develops SPTs within 5-10 years, long-term care and follow-up, including imaging studies, are highly recommended. The nomogram was useful for estimating survival.

Keywords: laryngeal carcinoma; long-term care and follow-up; recurrence; secondary primary tumor; survival.

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the projects of the University of Rijeka (uniri-mladi-biomed-22-38 and uniri-biomed-18-242).