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Department of Molecular Biology and NCCR Frontiers in Genetics, Sciences III, University of Geneva, 30, Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva-4, Switzerland. Ueli.Schibler@molbio.unige.ch
Many biological processes are driven by biological clocks that, depending on the frequency they generate, are classified into ultradian, circadian and infradian oscillators. In virtually all light-sensitive organisms from cyanobacteria to humans, a circadian timing system adapts cyclic physiology to geophysical time. Recent evidence suggests that even in mammals circadian oscillators function in a cell-autonomous manner. In yeast, an ultradian oscillator regulates cyclic respiratory activity and global gene expression. Circadian oscillators and the ultradian yeast respiratory clock share at least four properties: they follow limit-cycle kinetics, interweave with cellular metabolism, are temperature-compensated and influence the cell division clock.
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