Genomics. 1992 Aug;13(4):1095-107.

CpG islands as gene markers in the human genome.

Larsen F, Gundersen G, Lopez R, Prydz H.

Source

Biotechnology Centre of Oslo, University of Oslo, Norway.

Abstract

CpG islands are short, dispersed regions of unmethylated DNA with a high frequency of CpG dinucleotides relative to the bulk genome. We have analyzed 375 genes and 58 pseudogenes from the human entries in the EMBL Database for the presence of CpG islands. All 240 islands identified are associated with genes, and almost all cover at least a part of one exon; i.e., they are useful landmarks in the genome for identifying genes. More than half of the genes analyzed were associated with islands. All housekeeping and widely expressed genes have a CpG island covering the transcription start, whereas 40% of the genes with a tissue-specific or limited expression are associated with islands. In this latter group of genes, the position of the islands was not biased toward the 5' end of the transcription unit.

PMID:: 1505946; [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances

Publication Types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH Terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

Libraries

LinkOut Holdings

Supplemental Content

Save items

Related citations in PubMed

CpG islands in vertebrate genomes. [J Mol Biol. 1987]
CpG islands in vertebrate genomes.
Gardiner-Garden M, Frommer M. J Mol Biol. 1987 Jul 20; 196(2):261-82.
Isolation and characterization of the human homologue of rig and its pseudogenes: the functional gene has features characteristic of housekeeping genes. [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990]
Isolation and characterization of the human homologue of rig and its pseudogenes: the functional gene has features characteristic of housekeeping genes.
Shiga K, Yamamoto H, Okamoto H. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 May; 87(9):3594-8.
CpG islands of the X chromosome are gene associated. [Nucleic Acids Res. 1988]
CpG islands of the X chromosome are gene associated.
Alcalay M, Toniolo D. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Oct 25; 16(20):9527-43.
CpG islands in genes showing tissue-specific expression. [Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol...]
CpG islands in genes showing tissue-specific expression.
Edwards YH. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1990 Jan 30; 326(1235):207-15.
Gene-associated CpG islands in plants as revealed by analyses of genomic sequences. [Plant J. 2001]
Gene-associated CpG islands in plants as revealed by analyses of genomic sequences.
Ashikawa I. Plant J. 2001 Jun; 26(6):617-25.

See reviews... See all...

Cited by over 100 PubMed Central articles

Features of methylation and gene expression in the promoter-associated CpG islands using human methylome data. [Comp Funct Genomics. 2012]
Features of methylation and gene expression in the promoter-associated CpG islands using human methylome data.
Du X, Han L, Guo AY, Zhao Z. Comp Funct Genomics. 2012; 2012:598987. Epub 2012 Mar 4.
Polycomb-like 3 promotes polycomb repressive complex 2 binding to CpG islands and embryonic stem cell self-renewal. [PLoS Genet. 2012]
Polycomb-like 3 promotes polycomb repressive complex 2 binding to CpG islands and embryonic stem cell self-renewal.
Hunkapiller J, Shen Y, Diaz A, Cagney G, McCleary D, Ramalho-Santos M, Krogan N, Ren B, Song JS, Reiter JF. PLoS Genet. 2012 Mar; 8(3):e1002576. Epub 2012 Mar 15.
Parvovirus b19 DNA CpG dinucleotide methylation and epigenetic regulation of viral expression. [PLoS One. 2012]
Parvovirus b19 DNA CpG dinucleotide methylation and epigenetic regulation of viral expression.
Bonvicini F, Manaresi E, Di Furio F, De Falco L, Gallinella G. PLoS One. 2012; 7(3):e33316. Epub 2012 Mar 7.

See all...

Related information

Related Citations
Calculated set of PubMed citations closely related to the selected article(s) retrieved using a word weight algorithm. Related articles are displayed in ranked order from most to least relevant, with the “linked from” citation displayed first.
Compound (MeSH Keyword)
PubChem chemical compound records that are classified under the same Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) controlled vocabulary as the current articles.
Gene (OMIM)
Gene records associated with Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) records that cite the current articles in their reference lists.
Nucleotide (Weighted)
Nucleotide records associated with the current articles through the Gene database. These are the related sequences on the Gene record that are added manually by NCBI.
OMIM (calculated)
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) records that include the current articles as references in the light bulb links within or in the citations at the end of the OMIM record. The references available through the light bulb link are collected using the PubMed related articles algorithm to identify records with similar terminology to the OMIM record.
OMIM (cited)
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) records that include the current articles as reference cited at the end of the OMIM record.
Protein (Weighted)
Protein records associated with the current articles through related Gene database records. These are the related sequences on the Gene record that are added manually by NCBI.
Substance (MeSH Keyword)
PubChem chemical substance (submitted) records that are classified under the same Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) controlled vocabulary as the current articles.
Cited in PMC
Full-text articles in the PubMed Central Database that cite the current articles.
Cited in Books
NCBI Bookshelf books that cite the current articles.

Recent activity

Clear Turn Off Turn On

CpG islands as gene markers in the human genome.
CpG islands as gene markers in the human genome.
Genomics. 1992 Aug ;13(4):1095-107.

PubMed
The weakest link: competence and prestige as constraints to referral by isolated...
The weakest link: competence and prestige as constraints to referral by isolated nurses in rural Niger.
Hum Resour Health. 2004 Apr 1;2(1):1.

PubMed
Inhibition of rat hepatic lipocyte activation in culture by interferon-gamma.
Inhibition of rat hepatic lipocyte activation in culture by interferon-gamma.
Hepatology. 1992 Sep ;16(3):776-84.

PubMed
Resistance integrons and super-integrons.
Resistance integrons and super-integrons.
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2004 Apr ;10(4):272-88.

PubMed
The epidemiology and treatment of depression when it coexists with somatoform di...
The epidemiology and treatment of depression when it coexists with somatoform disorders, somatization, or pain.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1992 Jul ;14(4):265-72.

PubMed

Your browsing activity is empty.

Activity recording is turned off.

Turn recording back on

PubMed

Result Filters

Display Settings:

Send to: