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    Virology. 2002 Dec 20;304(2):274-81.

    High genetic divergence and recombination in Arenaviruses from the Americas.

    Archer AM, Rico-Hesse R.

    Source

    Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284, USA.

    Abstract

    The rodent-borne Arenaviruses are divided into two major antigenic groups: the Old World and New World complexes. Of the 15 known New World arenaviruses, four (Junin, Machupo, Sabia, and Guanarito) have been associated with hemorrhagic fever in humans. It has been difficult to assess the pathogenic or epidemic potential of the remaining viruses and the threat of emerging disease. We obtained full-length small (S) segment sequence data, encoding the nucleoprotein (NP) and glycoprotein precursor (GPC), from all American arenaviruses to predict their evolutionary and functional relationships. Phylogenetic analysis of NP or GPC amino acid sequences from all New World arenaviruses revealed three lineages and that Tamiami and Whitewater Arroyo viruses were probably derived from a single recombinant progenitor. The results imply that arenaviruses have been evolving independently for a very long time, leading to very diverse groupings that do not correlate with geography, rodent host, or human epidemic potential.

    Copyright 2002 Elsevier Science (USA)

    PMID:
    12504568
    [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
    PMCID: PMC3047505
    Free PMC Article

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