| Indication | Outcome | Intervention Single (%; ± 95% CI) | Comparator Chemo (%; ± 95% CI) | P Value | Study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Astrocytoma | 1 year | ∼41 (N=10) | ∼26 (N=29) | Chemo vs. ABMR unstratified comparison of survival p=.0018 HR 1.9 (1.1-3.1) Chemo versus ABMR comparison stratified by histology: p=.010 Chemo/nonbulky versus ABMR/non-bulky unstratified exact comparison: p=0.017 [hazard ratio=9.1 (95% confidence interval 1.7–47.2) Minimal residual disease status (<3 cm tumor diameter) at time of myeloablative chemotherapy p=.003 | Finlay, 2008485 |
| Not applicable | 2 AA patients dead at median 7.1 mo (n=2) | Not reported | Shih, 2008132 | ||
| Not applicable | 3 AA dead at median 5mo (4-10mo) (n=3) | Not reported | De Sio, 2006509 | ||
| Not applicable | 1 patient DOD at 4 mo (50%), one patient alive with disease progression at 10+ months (n=2) | Not reported | Korones, 2006518 | ||
| Not applicable | ∼46 (n=30) | Not reported | Macdonald, 2005521 | ||
| Other Glioma ∼91 (Anaplastic astrocytoma (N=9) and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (N=2)) (N=11) | Not applicable | OS for glioblastoma multiforme compared to other histotypes (AA and ODG) were significantly worse p=.004 | Massimino, 2005502 | ||
| Not applicable | ∼83 GBM and AA Non-Infants (n=16) ∼52 GBM and AA Infants (n=6) | Not reported | Bertolone, 2003491 | ||
| Not applicable | 28±10% (n=35) | Not reported | Kobrinsky, 1999517 | ||
| 2 AA patients dead at 7 and 9 mo (N=2) | Not applicable | Not reported | Jakacki, 1999500 | ||
| 3 Year | 40±14% (N=10) | 7±4% (N=29) | Chemo vs. ABMR unstratified comparison of survival p=.0018 HR 1.9 (1.1-3.1) Chemo versus ABMR comparison stratified by histology: p=.010 Chemo/nonbulky versus ABMR/non-bulky unstratified exact comparison: p=0.017 [hazard ratio=9.1 (95% confidence interval 1.7–47.2) Minimal residual disease status (<3 cm tumor diameter) at time of myeloablative chemotherapy p=.003 | Finlay, 2008485 | |
| Not applicable | ∼25 (N=30) | Not reported | Macdonald, 2005521 | ||
| Other Glioma ∼73 (Anaplastic astrocytoma (N=9) and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (N=2)) (N=11) | Not applicable | OS for glioblastoma multiforme compared to other histotypes (AA and ODG) were significantly worse P=.004 | Massimino, 2005502 | ||
| Not applicable | ∼57 GBM and AA Non-Infants (N=16) ∼25 GBM and AA Infants (N=6) | Not reported | Bertolone, 2003491 | ||
| Not applicable | ∼5 (N=35) | Not reported | Kobrinsky, 1999517 | ||
| Not applicable | 3 OA patients alive median 3 yr. | Not reported | Doireau, 1999510 | ||
| 1 patient died at 15 mo (N=1) | Not applicable | Not reported | Busca, 1997495 | ||
| 5 Year | 40±14% (N=10) | 0-4% (N=29) | Chemo vs. ABMR unstratified comparison of survival p=.0018 HR 1.9 (1.1-3.1) Chemo versus ABMR comparison stratified by histology: p=.010 Chemo/nonbulky vs. ABMR/non-bulky unstratified exact comparison: p=0.017 [hazard ratio=9.1 (95% confidence interval 1.7–47.2) Minimal residual disease status (<3 cm tumor diameter) at time of myeloablative chemotherapy P=.003 | Finlay, 2008485 | |
| Not applicable | 25±8% (N=30) | Not reported | Macdonald, 2005521 | ||
| Other glioma ∼73 (Anaplastic astrocytoma (N=9) and AOA (N=2)) (N=11) | Not applicable | OS for GBM compared to other histotypes (AA and ODG) were worse p=.004 | Massimino, 2005502 | ||
| 2 Anaplastic astrocytoma pts. alive with stable disease at follow up of 41 and 80 mo (N=2) | Not applicable | Not reported | Ozkaynak, 2004367 | ||
| Not applicable | 36±13 GBM and AA Non-Infants (N=11) 25±15 GBM and AA Infants (N=6) | Not reported | Bertolone, 2003491 | ||
| Not applicable | 0% (N=35) | Not reported | Kobrinsky, 1999517 | ||
| Not applicable | 1 AA patient died (car accident) before last FU. 1 AOA patient alive at 5.5 year. 1 Astrocytoma patient with unspecified disease alive at 5.5 years (N=6) | Not reported | Doireau, 1999510 | ||
| 2 AA patients died at 1 mo and 4 mo (N=2) | Not applicable | Not reported | Mahoney, 1996501 | ||
| 50 (N=2) 1 AA patient alive with residual disease at 7.7 years 1 oligoastrocytoma patient DOT at 1 mo | Not applicable | Not reported | Gilheeney, 2010492 | ||
| Glioblastoma multiforme | 1 Year | ∼43% (N=17) | ∼22% (N=27) | Chemo vs. ABMR unstratified comparison of survival p=.0018 HR 1.9 (1.1-3.1) Chemo versus ABMR comparison stratified by histology: p=.010 Chemo/nonbulky versus ABMR/non-bulky unstratified exact comparison: p=0.017 [hazard ratio=9.1 (95% confidence interval 1.7–47.2) Minimal residual disease status (<3 cm tumor diameter) at time of myeloablative chemotherapy p=.003 | Finlay, 2008485 |
| Not applicable | 1 patient dead at 4 mo (N=2) | Not reported | Shih, 2008132 | ||
| Not applicable | 1 patient AWD at 12 mo (N=1) | Not reported | De Sio, 2006509 | ||
| Not applicable | 57% (n=7) | Not reported | Korones, 2006518 | ||
| Not applicable | ∼45 (N=40) | Not reported | Macdonald, 2005521 | ||
| ∼90% (N=10) | Not applicable | OS for GBM compared to other histotypes (AA and ODG) were worse p=.004 | Massimino, 2005502 | ||
| 1 progressive patient DOD at 1 mo (N=1) | Not applicable | Not reported | Ozkaynak, 2004367 | ||
| Not applicable | ∼83 GBM and AA Non-Infants (N=16) ∼52 GBM and AA Infants (N=6) | Not reported | Bertolone, 2003491 | ||
| 73±13% (N=11) | Not applicable | Not reported | Grovas, 1999498 | ||
| 1 patient DOD at 6 months, 1 patient had stable disease at last 12 mo FU, 1 patient died of treatment toxicity (N=3) | Not applicable | Not reported | Yule, 1997504 | ||
| 1 patient dead of disease at 7 mo (N=1) | Not applicable | Not reported | Mahoney, 1996501 | ||
| 2 GBM patients DOD at 6 mo and 10 mo (N=2) | Not applicable | Not reported | Gilheeney, 2010492 | ||
| 3 Year | 12±6% (N=17) | 0% (N=27) | Chemo vs. ABMR unstratified comparison of survival p=.0018 HR 1.9 (1.1-3.1) Chemo versus ABMR comparison stratified by histology: p=.010 Chemo/nonbulky versus ABMR/non-bulky unstratified exact comparison: p=0.017 [hazard ratio=9.1 (95% confidence interval 1.7–47.2) Minimal residual disease status (<3 cm tumor diameter) at time of myeloablative chemotherapy p=.003 | Finlay, 2008485 | |
| Not applicable | ∼25%(N=40) | Not reported | Macdonald, 2005521 | ||
| ∼30% (N=10) | Not applicable | OS for glioblastoma multiforme compared to other histotypes (AA and ODG) were significantly worse p=.004 | Massimino, 2005502 | ||
| Not applicable | ∼57 GBM and AA Non-Infants (N=16) ∼25 GBM and AA Infants (N=6) | Not reported | Bertolone, 2003491 | ||
| ∼35% (N=11) | Not applicable | Not reported | Grovas, 1999498 | ||
| 3 pts DOD at median 15 mo (6 – 19 mo) (N=3) | Not applicable | Not reported | Jakacki, 1999500 | ||
| 1 pt alive and progression free at final FU (N=1) | Not applicable | Not reported | Busca, 1997495 | ||
| 5 Year | 12±6% (N=17) | 0% (N=27) | Chemo vs. ABMR unstratified comparison of survival p=.0018 HR 1.9 (1.1-3.1) Chemo versus ABMR comparison stratified by histology: p=.010 Chemo/nonbulky versus ABMR/non-bulky unstratified exact comparison: p=0.017 [hazard ratio=9.1 (95% confidence interval 1.7–47.2) Minimal residual disease status (<3 cm tumor diameter) at time of myeloablative chemotherapy p=.003 | Finlay, 2008485 | |
| Not applicable | 1 patients dead at 104 mo (N=2) | Not reported | Shih, 2008132 | ||
| Not applicable | 22±7 (N=40) | Not reported | Macdonald, 2005521 | ||
| 0% (N=10) | Not applicable | OS for glioblastoma multiforme compared to other histotypes (AA and ODG) were significantly worse p=.004 | Massimino, 2005502 | ||
| Not applicable | 36±13 GBM and AA Non-Infants (N=16) 25±15 GBM and AA Infants (N=6) | Not reported | Bertolone, 2003491 | ||
| ∼25 (N=11) | Not applicable | Not reported | Grovas, 1999498 | ||
| Anaplastic ependymoma | 1 Year | Not applicable | 100% (N=12) | Not reported | Robertson, 1998489 |
| 1 anaplastic ependymoma patient with tandem autologous treatment DOD at 15 mo (N=1) | Not applicable | Not reported | Yule, 1997504 | ||
| 3 Year | Not applicable | 82% (59-100%) (N=12) | Not reported | Robertson, 1998489 | |
| Not applicable | Median 33 months (16-35mo) (N=4) | Not reported | Ayan, 1995507 | ||
| 5 Year | Not applicable | 35.2±11.0% (N=23) | Not reported | Jaing, 2004516 | |
| Not applicable | 64% (25-84%) (N=12) | Not reported | Robertson, 1998489 | ||
| Non-anaplastic, mixed, or unspecified ependymoma | 1 Year | Not applicable | 3 patients dead at 1.4, 2.4, and 3.6 mo (N=3) | Not reported | Shih, 2008132 |
| Not applicable | Metastatic ∼89% (N=9) Non-Metastatic ∼95% (N=80) | Age< 1 year, p=.18 Female sex, p=.18 Infratentorial, p=.12 WHO gr. III, p=.15 Partial resection (judged by neurosurgeon) p=.07 Partial resection (radiologic review) p=.28 Dose intensity <.8, p=.05 HR=1.6 (1.0-2.7) | Grundy, 2007512 | ||
| ∼80% (N=29) | Not applicable | GTR vs. <GTR not significant | Zacharoulis, 2007490 | ||
| Not applicable | DOD at 2 and 6 mo (N=2) | Not reported | De Sio, 2006509 | ||
| Not applicable | ∼96% (N=73) | PF tumor RR 7.9 (1.8 to 35) p=.0004 Postoperative radiologic documented residuum: RR 3.6 (1.7-7.7) p=.0009 | Grill, 2001511 | ||
| Not applicable | 95% (85-100%) (N=20) | Not reported | Robertson, 1998489 | ||
| 75 (54-96 95% CI) (N=16) | Not applicable | Not reported | Grill, 1996497 | ||
| 2 patients dead at 7 and 9 months (67%) and one patient alive with progression at 25+ months (N=3) | Not applicable | Not reported | Mahoney, 1996501 | ||
| 3 Year | 79% (63.9-95.4) (N=23) | Complete vs. partial resection not significant | Conter, 2009508 | ||
| Not applicable | Metastatic ∼58% (N=9) Non-Metastatic ∼80% (N=80) | Age< 1 year, p=.18 Female sex, p=.18 Infratentorial, p=.12 WHO gr. III, p=.15 Partial resection (judged by neurosurgeon) p=.07 Partial resection (radiologic review) p=.28 Dose intensity <.8, p=.05 HR=1.6 (1.0-2.7) | Grundy, 2007512 | ||
| ∼62% (N=29) | Not applicable | GTR vs. <GTR not significant | Zacharoulis, 2007490 | ||
| Not applicable | ∼68% (N=73) | PF tumor RR 7.9 (1.8 to 35) p=.0004 Postoperative radiologic documented residuum: RR 3.6 (1.7-7.7) p=.0009 | Grill, 2001511 | ||
| Not applicable | 65 (44-86%) (N=20) | Not reported | Robertson, 1998489 | ||
| 31 (3-58 95% CI) (N=16) | Not applicable | Not reported | Grill, 1996497 | ||
| 5 Year | Not applicable | 74% (57.3-92.3) (N=23) | Complete vs. partial resection NS | Conter, 2009508 | |
| Not applicable | Metastatic ∼28% (N=80) Nonmetastatic ∼ 63 (N=9) | Age< 1 year, p=.18 Female sex, p=.18 Infratentorial, p=.12 WHO gr. III, p=.15 Partial resection (neurosurgeon) p=.07 Partial resection (radiologic review) p=.28 Dose intensity <.8, p=.05 HR=1.6 (1.0-2.7) | Grundy, 2007512 | ||
| 38±10 (N=29) | Not applicable | GTR vs. <GTR NS | Zacharoulis, 2007490 | ||
| 2 patients alive NED at last FU 20 mo, 67 mo (N=2) | Not applicable | Not reported | Busca, 1997495 | ||
| 10 (0-29 95% CI) (N=16) | Not applicable | Not reported | Grill, 1996497 | ||
| Not applicable | 52±(38 to 65%) (N=73) | PF tumor RR 7.9 (1.8 to 35) p=.0004 Postoperative radiologic documented residuum: RR 3.6 (1.7-7.7) p=.0009 | Grill, 2001511 | ||
| Not applicable | Grade II 73.7±10.2% (N=20) Complete resection (N=18): 82.1±9.5% Incomplete resection (N=19): 36.8±11.8% Biopsy (N=6): 33.3±19.3% Age <3 years (N=9): 41.7±17.3% Age >3 years (N=34): 57.4±9.1% | Anaplasia p<.001 Surgical Resection p<.001 Age p=.036 | Jaing, 2004516 | ||
| 1 patient alive with stable disease at 62 months (N=1) | Not applicable | Not reported | Ozkaynak, 2004367 | ||
| Not applicable | 57.2±5 (N=83) | Age (<=3yr at diagnosis vs. >3 yr) p=.005; HR .04 (.2-.8) Deg. resection (GTR vs. <GTR) p=.01; HR 2.4(1.2-4.9) Histology (grade II vs. III) p=.05; HR 1.9 (.99-3.4) | Horn, 1999514 | ||
| Not applicable | 6 pts DOD at 4.5 mo (N=21) | Not reported | Kuhl, 1998520 | ||
| Not applicable | 53% (31-76%) (N=20) | Not reported | Robertson, 1998489 | ||
| Not applicable | 50.3 (23.1-72.4) (N=15) | Not reported | Grundy, 2010513 | ||
| Choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC) | 1 Year | Not applicable | ∼82 (N=29) | Tumor Type (Choroid plexus carcinoma vs. choroid plexus paplioma and atypicalb choroid plexus paplioma) HR 26.4 p=.003 | Wrede, 2009522 |
| 2 partially resected pts DOD at 21 and 25 mo (N=2) | 13 patients DOD at median time 9 mo (range 4-41 mo) (65%) 7 patients Alive and well at median follow up 25 mo (range 3-85 mo) (35%) 1 of 8 gross total resection patients died (12.5%) 11 of 12 partial resection patients died (92%) (N=20) | Not reported | Berger, 1998488 | ||
| 1 patient DOD at 5 months (N=1) | Not applicable | Not reported | Gururangan, 1998499 | ||
| 1 pt dead at 11 mo (N=1) | Not applicable | Not reported | Yule, 1997504 | ||
| Not applicable | 50.3 (23.1-72.4) (N=15) | Not reported | Grundy, 2010513 | ||
| 3 Year | Not applicable | ∼70 (N=29) | Tumor Type (Choroid plexus carcinoma vs. choroid plexus paplioma and atypical choroid plexus paplioma) HR 26.4 p=.003 | Wrede, 2009522 | |
| Not applicable | 21.5 (5.2-45.0) 3(N=15) | Not reported | Grundy, 2010513 | ||
| 5 Year | Not applicable | 36 (9-100) (N=29) | Tumor Type (Choroid plexus carcinoma vs. choroid plexus paplioma and atypical choroid plexus paplioma) HR 26.4 p=.003 | Wrede, 2009522 | |
| Not applicable | 21.5 (5.2-45.6) (N=15) | Not reported | Grundy, 2010513 | ||
| Other glioma | 1 Year | 1 Oligodendroglioma dead at 8 mo (N=1) | Not applicable | Not reported | Thorarinsdottir, 2007503 |
| Not applicable | Median BSG OS 9mo (3-11) (33%) (N=8) | Not reported | De Sio, 2006509 | ||
| Not applicable | 2 patients w/brainstem glioma DOD at 4 and 8 mo (N=2) | Not reported | Korones, 2006518 | ||
| Other glioma ∼91 (Anaplastic astrocytoma (N=9) and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (N=2)) (N=11) | Not applicable | OS for glioblastoma multiforme compared to other histotypes (AA and ODG) were significantly worse P=.004 | Massimino, 2005502 | ||
| Not applicable | Other Glioma ∼62 (N=6) | Not reported | Macdonald, 2005521 | ||
| 2 recurrent BSG patient DOD at 4 and 9 mo (N=2) | Not applicable | Not reported | Ozkaynak, 2004367 | ||
| Pontine ∼25 (N=24) | Not applicable | Not reported | Bouffet, 1997493 | ||
| Not applicable | Brainstem Glioma 9±5 (N=22) | Not reported | Kobrinsky, 1999517 | ||
| 1 Pons patient alive at last follow up. 5 patients DOD at median 8 mo (5-14 mo) (N=6) | Not applicable | Not reported | Jakacki, 1999500 | ||
| Median survival of pontine glioma patients was 4 mo (N=10) | Not applicable | Not reported | Dunkel, 1998496 | ||
| Median survival of HGG patients was 3 mo (12d-11 mo) (N=13) | Not applicable | Not reported | Bouffet, 1997493 | ||
| 1 oligodendroglioma dead at 10 mo (N=1) | Not applicable | Not reported | Busca, 1997495 | ||
| Not applicable | 1 BSG dead at 2 mo (N=1) | Not reported | Mahoney, 1996501 | ||
| Not applicable | HGG 57.9 (33.2-76.3) (N=19) | Not reported | Grundy, 2010513 | ||
| 3 Year | Other glioma ∼73 (Anaplastic astrocytoma (N=9) and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (N=2)) (N=11) | Not applicable | OS for glioblastoma multiforme compared to other histotypes (AA and ODG) were significantly worse p=.004 | Massimino, 2005502 | |
| Not applicable | 3 year OS: Other glioma ∼62 (N=6) | Not reported | Macdonald, 2005521 | ||
| Pontine ∼0. (N=24) | Not applicable | Not reported | Bouffet, 1997493 | ||
| Not applicable | Brainstem glioma 0 (N=22) | Not reported | Kobrinsky, 1999517 | ||
| Not applicable | HGG 40.5 (18.7-61.5) (N=19) | Not reported | Grundy, 2010513 | ||
| 5 Year | 1 ganglioma patient dead at 59 mo (N=1) | Not applicable | Not reported | Thorarinsdottir, 2007503 | |
| Other glioma ∼73 (Anaplastic astrocytoma (N=9) and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (N=2)) (N=11) | Not applicable | OS for glioblastoma multiforme compared to other histotypes (AA and ODG) were significantly worse p=.004 | Massimino, 2005502 | ||
| Not applicable | Other glioma ∼38 (N=6) | Not reported | Macdonald, 2005521 | ||
| Not applicable | Malignant glioma 36 ± 10 (N=22) | Not reported | Kuhl, 1998520 | ||
| Not applicable | HGG 34.7 (14.6-56.0) (N=19) | Not reported | Grundy, 2010513 | ||
| Astrocytoma (summary comparison) | OS Range for 5 years for studies with ≥10 patients | Newly Diagnosed: ∼73%* (Massimo, 2005 502) [*This study included 9 Anaplastic Astrocytoma patients and 2 lower-grade oligodendroglioma patients.] Massimo measured from time of diagnosis | Newly Diagnosed: 25% (Macdonald 521N=30) Macdonald measured from time of study entry to death | Not applicable | Bertolone 491 was not included in this estimate because the study did not differentiate between AA and GBM patients |
| Recurrent/Pro gressive: 40% (Finlay 485 N=17) Measured from time of myeloablative chemotherapy | Recurrent/Progressive: 0% (Finlay 485 N=27) Measured from time of recurrence | Not applicable | Bertolone 491 was not included in this estimate because the study did not differentiate between AA and GBM patients | ||
| Glioblastoma multiforme (summary comparison) | 5 year OS for all studies with N ≥10 patients | Newly Diagnosed: 0-22% (Grovas 498 N=11, Massimo 502 N=10) Grovas measured from time of stem cell rescue Massimo considered OS from date of chemotherapy | Newly Diagnosed: 22% (Macdonald 521 N=40) Macdonald measured from time of study entry to death | Not applicable | Bertolone 491 was not included in this estimate because the study did not differentiate between AA and GBM patients |
| Recurrent/Progressive: 12% (Finlay 485 N=17) Measured from time of myeloablative chemotherapy | Recurrent/Progressive: 0% (Finlay 485 N=27) Measured from time of recurrence | Not applicable | Bertolone 491 was not included in this estimate because the study did not differentiate between AA and GBM patients | ||
| Ependymoma (summary comparison) | 5 year OS for studies with N ≥10 patients | Newly Diagnosed, unspecified anaplastic 38% (Zacharoulis 490 N=29) Zacharoulis estimated OS from date of diagnosis | Newly Diagnosed Nonanaplastic, mixed, or unspecified Ependymoma: 52-74% (Conter 508 N=23, Grill, 2001 511 N=14, Horn 514 N=83, Jaing 516 N=20, Robertson489 N=20) Conter and Jaing estimated OS from date of surgery, Grill measured from date of chemotherapy, Robertson measured from date of randomization, and Horn measured from date of diagnosis. Overall, these differing estimates of overall survival approximate date of surgery within 13 weeks. Newly Diagnosed Anaplastic Ependymoma: 35.2-64% (Jaing 516 N=23 and Robertson 489 N=12) Jaing used date of surgery for OS calculation and Robertson used date of randomization | Not applicable | Grundy et al. was not included in this estimate because the study stratified by metastasis finding a 5 year OS of 28% for metastatic ependymoma and 63% for nonmetastatic disease and measured the OS from date of surgery. |
| Ependymoma (summary comparison) | 5 year OS for studies with N ≥10 patients | No patients alive past 25 months. (Berger 488 N=2, Gururangan 499 N=1, Yule 504 N=1) | 21.5-36% (Grundy N=15 and Wrede 522 N=29) Wrede measured OS from date of diagnosis and Grundy used date of surgery | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| Choroid plexus carcinoma (summary comparison) | 5 Year OS All studies | No patients alive past 25 months. (Berger 488 N=2, Gururangan 499 N=1, Yule 504 N=1) | 21.5-36% (Grundy N=15 and Wrede 522 N=29) Wrede measured OS from date of diagnosis and Grundy used date of surgery | Not applicable | Not applicable |
From: Systematic Reviews
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