The results of treatment of 46 patients with postoperative peritonitis, caused by intestinal sutures incompetence (41.4%) and break of the abscess into the abdominal cavity (32.6%) are analysed. The mortality rate after the single relaparotomy is 30.6%, and in repeated surgeries-65.6%. Monitoring of clinical and laboratory parameters, and the use of X-ray examination, laparoscopy, ultrasound examination and CT promotes early diagnosis of postoperative peritonitis. Removal of the major cause of peritonitis, detoxication of a body and correction of metabolic disorders are the main targets of the operation and postoperative treatment. Closure of the postoperative wound with p-shaped Donaty sutures in combination with the knotted and polyspas sutures makes it possible to decrease the rate of the intestinal eventration.