Figure 4Effects of Ganoderma oil from different sources on tumor cell death.

(a) Breast carcinoma cells (MT-1) were treated with Ganoderma oil prepared from the standard protocol (WYGO-070102), 2-year-old (maintained at room temperature) Ganoderma oil prepared from the standard protocol, and a sample of Ganoderma oil obtained from a different source (XZL-Z). Analysis of the half maximal effective concentration (EC₅₀) indicated that the Ganoderma oil prepared from the standard protocol produced the best result in inducing tumor cell death, followed by the 2-year-old product and the sample from a different source. (b) MT-1 cells were treated double-blindly with Ganoderma oil obtained from different sources. EC50 was obtained as indicated.

Ergosterol Peroxide Isolated from Ganoderma lucidum Abolishes MicroRNA miR-378-Mediated Tumor Cells on Chemoresistance

PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e44579.
Figure 4Related Ganoderma species with laccate pileus.

A: Ganoderma multipileum from Sichuan, China, HMAS 242384; A-1. top view of basidioma; A-2. pore surface; A-3. tissue of cutis; A-4. Bovista-type ligative hyphae; A-5. basidiospores. B: Ganoderma tropicum from Hainan, China, HMAS 263143; B-1. top view of basidioma; B-2. pore surface; B-3. tissue of cutis; B-4. skeletal hyphae; B-5. basidiospores. C: Ganoderma weberianum from Hainan, China, HMAS 97365; C-1. top view of basidioma; C-2. pore surface; C-3. tissue of cutis; C-4. skeletal hyphae and ligative hyphae; C-5. basidiospores. D: Ganoderma resinaceum from U.K., HMAS 86599; D-1. top view of basidioma; D-2. pore surface; D-3. tissue of cutis; D-4. skeletal hyphae; D-5. basidiospores. E: Ganoderma lucidum from U.K., HMAS 86597; E-1. top view of basidioma; E-2. pore surface; E-3. tissue of cutis; E-4. skeletal hyphae; E-5. basidiospores. Bars: 2 cm in A-1, A-2, E-1 and E-2; 1 cm in B-1, B-2, D-1 and D-2; 0.5 cm in C-1 and C-2; 20 µm in A-3, B-3, C-3, D-3, E-3, A-4, B-4, C-4, D-4 and E-4; 10 µm in A-5, B-5, C-5, D-5 and E-5.

The Species Identity of the Widely Cultivated Ganoderma, 'G. lucidum' (Ling-zhi), in China

PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e40857.
Figure 3Ganoderma oil exerts stronger effect on inducing death of the cencer cells.

(a-b) The GFP, miR-378M, and miR-378C cells were cultured in normal medium treated with different concentrations of Ganoderma oil (prepared form the standard protocol) as indicated for 24 hours (a) or 48 hours (b). The effects of Ganoderma oil on cell death were miR-378C > miR-378M > GFP. (c) MDA-MB-231 cells stably transfected with miR-378 or a control vector were treated with Epirubicin (2.0 µg/ml) and combined with or without Ganoderma oil 0.4 µl/ml. The miR-378-transfected cells were less sensitive to Epirubicin than the control cells. Combination with Ganoderma oil significantly increased the sensitivity of the miR-378 cells to Epirubicin. Typical photos of cell death are shown (lower panel). ** p<0.01.

Ergosterol Peroxide Isolated from Ganoderma lucidum Abolishes MicroRNA miR-378-Mediated Tumor Cells on Chemoresistance

PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e44579.
Figure 5Effects of Ganoderma oil prepared using different protocols on tumor cell death.

(a) Ganoderma spores were subjected to oil extraction using the standard protocol, in which the spores were maintained under the standard pressure for 1–6 hours. The effects of the oil on tumor cell death were tested. (b) Ganoderma spores were digested with spore-released enzymes for different periods of time as indicated, followed by oil extraction with the standard protocol. The effects of the oil on tumor cell death were tested. (c) Ganoderma spores were subjected to oil extraction under different temperature and pressure. The effects of the oil on tumor cell death were tested. “m” means the pressure Mpa while “C” means degree of the temperature. (d) Typical results of the effects of “15m+50C” (Fraction #2) and “15m+60C” (Fraction #3) on tumor cell death are shown.

Ergosterol Peroxide Isolated from Ganoderma lucidum Abolishes MicroRNA miR-378-Mediated Tumor Cells on Chemoresistance

PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e44579.

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Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) for cancer treatment. [Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012]
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) for cancer treatment.
Jin X, Ruiz Beguerie J, Sze DM, Chan GC. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Jun 13; 6:CD007731. Epub 2012 Jun 13.
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) in cancer treatment. [Integr Cancer Ther. 2003]
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) in cancer treatment.
Sliva D. Integr Cancer Ther. 2003 Dec; 2(4):358-64.
Ganoderma lucidum ("Lingzhi"), a Chinese medicinal mushroom: biomarker responses in a controlled human supplementation study. [Br J Nutr. 2004]
Ganoderma lucidum ("Lingzhi"), a Chinese medicinal mushroom: biomarker responses in a controlled human supplementation study.
Wachtel-Galor S, Tomlinson B, Benzie IF. Br J Nutr. 2004 Feb; 91(2):263-9.

93 free full-text articles in PubMed Central

Ganoderma tsugae Extract Inhibits Growth of HER2-Overexpressing Cancer Cells via Modulation of HER2/PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. [Evid Based Complement Alternat...]
Ganoderma tsugae Extract Inhibits Growth of HER2-Overexpressing Cancer Cells via Modulation of HER2/PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway.
Kuo HP, Hsu SC, Ou CC, Li JW, Tseng HH, Chuang TC, Liu JY, Chen SJ, Su MH, Cheng YC, et al. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013; 2013:219472. Epub 2013 Apr 7.
Anti-glycated and antiradical activities in vitro of polysaccharides from Ganoderma capense. [Pharmacogn Mag. 2013]
Anti-glycated and antiradical activities in vitro of polysaccharides from Ganoderma capense.
Yan C, Kong F, Zhang D, Cui J. Pharmacogn Mag. 2013 Jan; 9(33):23-7.
Generation and Analysis of the Expressed Sequence Tags from the Mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum. [PLoS One. 2013]
Generation and Analysis of the Expressed Sequence Tags from the Mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum.
Huang YH, Wu HY, Wu KM, Liu TT, Liou RF, Tsai SF, Shiao MS, Ho LT, Tzean SS, Yang UC. PLoS One. 2013; 8(5):e61127. Epub 2013 May 2.

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