Figure 1Curcumin affects Drosophila longevity as a function of genotype.

Survival trajectories of transgenic C155-Gal4 Drosophila for different curcumin treatments indicated by: no curcumin added (black lines), 1, 10, and 100 µg curcumin per g yeast paste represented in yellow, orange, and red lines respectively. (A) Control flies showed a concentration dependent decrease in lifespan upon curcumin treatment. (B) Aβ_1–40 expressing flies showed reduced survival times when fed intermediate and high curcumin concentrations. (C) Single insert Aβ_1–42 expressing flies showed increased survival when treated with low and intermediate curcumin concentrations. (D) Double insert Aβ_1–42 expressing flies showed an increased survival for low and intermediate curcumin concentrations. (E) Aβ_{1–42 E22G} expressing flies showed increased survival for all curcumin concentrations. (F) Survival of Tau expressing flies was unaffected at low and intermediate concentrations of curcumin, but revealed a shortened survival time at the high curcumin concentration. (G) Median survival time of all genotypes with no curcumin added represented in black bars, 1, 10, and 100 µg curcumin per g yeast paste represented in yellow, orange, and red bars respectively. Significance was compared using a paired student's t-test between untreated and treated with curcumin (ns: non-significant; *: P<0.05, **: P<0.01; ***: P<0.001).

Curcumin Promotes A-beta Fibrillation and Reduces Neurotoxicity in Transgenic Drosophila

PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e31424.
Figure 2Curcumin induces cell death and apoptosis.

(A) Cell cycle analysis of curcumin treated cells. TE-7 cells were treated with 30 µM of curcumin for 12 and 24 h, examined by flow cytometry following propidium iodide staining for DNA content. Curcumin treatment leads to increased number of dead cells. Graphs are representative of data collected from three experiments. (B) Curcumin induces caspase-3, an apoptosis mediator. TE-7 cells incubated with 30 µM of curcumin were analyzed for apoptosis by caspase-3 and-7 activation. Curcumin treatment increased the number of cells undergoing apoptosis compared to untreated controls (*p<0.05). (C) Lysates from TE-7 cells incubated with 30 µM of curcumin were analyzed by western blotting for caspase-3 protein levels using rabbit anti-caspase-3 antibody. Curcumin treatment resulted in decreased procaspase-3. (D) Lysates from TE-7 cells incubated with 30 µM of curcumin were analyzed by western blotting for Bcl2, BclxL, and Bax proteins. Curcumin reduces expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl2 and BclxL, whereas increased expression of pro-apoptotic proteins in treated cells when compared to untreated cells.

Curcumin Induces Cell Death in Esophageal Cancer Cells through Modulating Notch Signaling

PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e30590.
Figure 4

(A) Chemotaxis of untreated, calcein-stained neutrophils against recombinant MIP-2 (5–20 ng/mL) without or with 25 or 50 μM curcumin in the lower chamber of the ChemoTx® Chemotaxis System. * p≤0.05 MIP-2 vs. control; # p≤0.05 curcumin vs. control or curcumin/MIP-2 vs. MIP-2 alone. (B) Chemotaxis of neutrophils pretreated with 10–50μM of curcumin (30 min prior to the assay) against recombinant MIP-2 (20ng/mL) * p≤0.05 MIP-2 vs. control; # p≤0.05 Curcumin 10μM/MIP-2 vs. MIP-2 alone; † Curcumin 25 or 50μM vs. Curcumin 10μM/MIP-2 or MIP-2 alone. (C) Chemokinesis assay of PMN with recombinant MIP-2 (20ng/mL) placed in the top and bottom chamber. PMNs were pretreated with curcumin (10, 25 or 50μM) 30 minutes prior to the assay. * p≤0.05 10–25μM curcumin vs. DMSO; # p≤0.05 50 μM curcumin vs. control or 10–20 μM curcumin (ANOVA followed by Fisher PLSD post-hoc test). (D) Chemotaxis of untreated, calcein-stained neutrophils against recombinant KC (75 ng/mL) without or with 25 or 50 μM curcumin in the lower chamber of the ChemoTx® Chemotaxis System. * p≤0.05 KC vs. control; # p≤0.05 KC/curcumin vs. KC; ** control vs. curcumin alone.

Modulation of Neutrophil Motility by Curcumin: Implications for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2011 February;17(2):503-515.
Figure 4

Cumulative release of curcumin from curcumin loaded nanofibers as a function of time. ■ Curcumin released from PCL nanofibers loaded with 17%(w/w) of curcumin; ◆ Curcumin released from PCL nanofibers loaded with 3%(w/w) of curcumin. Significantly more curcumin (* p ≤ 0.05) was released from fibers having higher concentration of curcumin after 12 hours.

Curcumin Loaded Poly(?-Caprolactone) Nanofibers: Diabetic Wound Dressing with Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties

Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2009 December;36(12):1149-1156.

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Curcumin: the Indian solid gold. [Adv Exp Med Biol. 2007]
Curcumin: the Indian solid gold.
Aggarwal BB, Sundaram C, Malani N, Ichikawa H. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2007; 595:1-75.
The curry spice curcumin selectively inhibits cancer cells growth in vitro and in preclinical model of glioblastoma. [J Nutr Biochem. 2012]
The curry spice curcumin selectively inhibits cancer cells growth in vitro and in preclinical model of glioblastoma.
Zanotto-Filho A, Braganhol E, Edelweiss MI, Behr GA, Zanin R, Schröder R, Simões-Pires A, Battastini AM, Moreira JC. J Nutr Biochem. 2012 Jun; 23(6):591-601. Epub 2011 Jul 19.
Influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in animals and human volunteers. [Planta Med. 1998]
Influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in animals and human volunteers.
Shoba G, Joy D, Joseph T, Majeed M, Rajendran R, Srinivas PS. Planta Med. 1998 May; 64(4):353-6.

831 free full-text articles in PubMed Central

Natural Polyphenols Inhibit Lysine-Specific Demethylase-1 <i>in vitro.</i> [J Biochem Pharmacol Res. 2013]
Natural Polyphenols Inhibit Lysine-Specific Demethylase-1 <i>in vitro.</i>
Abdulla A, Zhao X, Yang F. J Biochem Pharmacol Res. 2013 Mar 1; 1(1):56-63.
Inhibition of enveloped viruses infectivity by curcumin. [PLoS One. 2013]
Inhibition of enveloped viruses infectivity by curcumin.
Chen TY, Chen DY, Wen HW, Ou JL, Chiou SS, Chen JM, Wong ML, Hsu WL. PLoS One. 2013; 8(5):e62482. Epub 2013 May 1.
Curcumin Inhibits CD4(+) T Cell Activation, but Augments CD69 Expression and TGF-β1-Mediated Generation of Regulatory T Cells at Late Phase. [PLoS One. 2013]
Curcumin Inhibits CD4(+) T Cell Activation, but Augments CD69 Expression and TGF-β1-Mediated Generation of Regulatory T Cells at Late Phase.
Kim G, Jang MS, Son YM, Seo MJ, Ji SY, Han SH, Jung ID, Park YM, Jung HJ, Yun CH. PLoS One. 2013; 8(4):e62300. Epub 2013 Apr 26.

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