Diffuse cystic lung disease in sickle cell anaemia: a series of 22 cases and a case-control study

Thorax. 2022 Jan;77(1):91-93. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216826. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Abstract

Chronic interstitial lung abnormalities have been described in sickle cell disease (SCD) and attributed to repetitive episode of acute chest syndrome. We report a series of 22 cases of diffuse cystic lung disease in SCD with a case-control study to hunt for mechanism. On pathological analysis of a surgical lung biopsy of the index case, the bronchioles had the appearance of constrictive bronchiolitis. Pulmonary function test results revealed lower forced expiratory flow from 25% to 75% of vital capacity in cases versus controls. These findings suggest a bronchiolar mechanism that was not associated with more acute chest syndrome.

Keywords: imaging/CT MRI etc; interstitial fibrosis; rare lung diseases; systemic disease and lungs.

MeSH terms

  • Anemia, Sickle Cell* / complications
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Humans
  • Lung / diagnostic imaging
  • Lung Diseases, Interstitial*
  • Vital Capacity