High endemic levels of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii among hospitals in southern Brazil

Am J Infect Control. 2012 Mar;40(2):108-12. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.03.010. Epub 2011 Jul 23.

Abstract

Background: Most published data on multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumanii (MDR Ab) are derived from outbreaks. We report incidence trends on health care-acquired infections due to MDR Ab over a 12-month period in the city of Porto Alegre in southern Brazil.

Methods: Clinical and epidemiologic data were obtained from the local health care information system of the municipal health department. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the presence of the genes bla(OXA-23-like), bla(OXA-24-like), bla(OXA-51), and bla(OXA-58), and repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis were performed for molecular typing.

Results: The highest rate of infection (9.0/1,000 inpatient-days) was identified in a trauma hospital. The gene bla(OXA-23-like) was identified in 99.0% of MDR Ab isolates. Eight main clonal groups were identified by molecular typing, and 3 of these were found in all hospitals.

Conclusion: The presence of 3 clones in all hospitals demonstrates the ability of MDR Ab to spread among hospitals. Moreover, the occurrence of one particular clone (clone 4) throughout the study period suggests its increased ability to cause outbreaks and to remain in the environment. The monitoring of epidemic strains by molecular methods is of paramount importance to prevent or reduce the spread of MDR Ab.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acinetobacter Infections / drug therapy
  • Acinetobacter Infections / epidemiology*
  • Acinetobacter Infections / microbiology
  • Acinetobacter baumannii / drug effects
  • Acinetobacter baumannii / genetics*
  • Bacterial Typing Techniques
  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • Cross Infection / drug therapy
  • Cross Infection / epidemiology*
  • Cross Infection / microbiology
  • Disease Outbreaks / prevention & control*
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial*
  • Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field
  • Genes, Bacterial*
  • Hospitals
  • Humans
  • Phylogeny
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • beta-Lactamases / genetics
  • beta-Lactamases / isolation & purification

Substances

  • beta-Lactamases