Aims: To examine the outcomes of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and urodynamic test results after cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt surgery in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH).
Methods: Records of 48 patients (33 men; 15 women), who met the definite iNPH criteria and underwent CSF shunt surgery, were retrospectively analyzed. LUTS and their impact on quality of life (QOL) were evaluated using an all-or-none questionnaire targeting four symptoms, the Overactive Bladder Symptoms Score (OABSS), and the QOL index. Urodynamic investigations included filling cystometry and pressure-flow studies performed before and after surgery.
Results: Forty-seven (98%) patients complained of LUTS, 41 (87%) patients of whom experienced LUTS improvement after surgery. The OABSS and QOL index, which before surgery were 6.8 ± 0.7 and 4.1 ± 0.4, respectively, significantly decreased to 4.6 ± 0.6 and 3.2 ± 0.3, respectively, after surgery. The maximum cystometric capacity (174.9 ± 13.3 mL to 222.4 ± 14.7 mL) and bladder compliance (35.8 ± 4.4 ml/cmH2 O to 52.1 ± 5.4 ml/cmH2 O) significantly increased after surgery. Detrusor overactivity, which was observed in 37 (77%) patients preoperatively, became undetectable in 7 patients postoperatively. Voiding dysfunction (defined as maximum flow rate <10 mL/s or post-void residual >100 mL) was observed in 29 (60%) patients, 22 (75%) of whom had detrusor underactivity before surgery. None of the voiding urodynamic parameters significantly improved postoperatively.
Conclusions: iNPH is often associated with LUTS and both storage and voiding dysfunctions. CSF shunt surgery improved LUTS and storage dysfunction, with limited effects on voiding dysfunction.
Keywords: cerebrospinal fluid shunt; idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus; lower urinary tract symptoms; neurogenic urinary disorder; overactive bladder; urodynamics; voiding dysfunction.
© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.