Abstract
Rhizobial bacteria enter a symbiotic interaction with legumes, activating diverse responses in roots through the lipochito oligosaccharide signaling molecule Nod factor. Here, we show that NSP2 from Medicago truncatula encodes a GRAS protein essential for Nod-factor signaling. NSP2 functions downstream of Nod-factor-induced calcium spiking and a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. We show that NSP2-GFP expressed from a constitutive promoter is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum/nuclear envelope and relocalizes to the nucleus after Nod-factor elicitation. This work provides evidence that a GRAS protein transduces calcium signals in plants and provides a possible regulator of Nod-factor-inducible gene expression.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Motifs
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Calcium / metabolism
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Calcium Signaling
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Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / genetics
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Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / metabolism
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Cell Nucleus / metabolism
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Cloning, Molecular
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Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
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Genes, Plant
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Lipopolysaccharides / metabolism*
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Medicago / genetics
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Medicago / metabolism*
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Medicago / microbiology*
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Mutation
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Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
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Pisum sativum / genetics
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Pisum sativum / metabolism
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Plant Proteins / chemistry
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Plant Proteins / genetics
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Plant Proteins / metabolism*
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Protein Structure, Tertiary
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
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Signal Transduction*
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Sinorhizobium meliloti / physiology*
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Symbiosis
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Transcription Factors / chemistry
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Transcription Factors / genetics
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Transcription Factors / metabolism*
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Transcription, Genetic
Substances
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Lipopolysaccharides
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Plant Proteins
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins
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Transcription Factors
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Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases
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Calcium
Associated data
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GENBANK/AJ832138
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GENBANK/AJ832139
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GENBANK/CR538722
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GENBANK/CR538723