Differential human antibody repertoires following Zika infection and the implications for serodiagnostics and disease outcome

Nat Commun. 2019 Apr 26;10(1):1943. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09914-3.

Abstract

Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in Americas led to extensive efforts to develop vaccines and ZIKV-specific diagnostics. In the current study, we use whole genome phage display library spanning the entire ZIKV genome (ZIKV-GFPDL) for in-depth immune profiling of IgG and IgM antibody repertoires in serum and urine longitudinal samples from individuals acutely infected with ZIKV. We observe a very diverse IgM immune repertoire encompassing the entire ZIKV polyprotein on day 0 in both serum and urine. ZIKV-specific IgG antibodies increase 10-fold between day 0 and day 7 in serum, but not in urine; these are highly focused on prM/E, NS1 and NS2B. Differential antibody affinity maturation is observed against ZIKV structural E protein compared with nonstructural protein NS1. Serum antibody affinity to ZIKV-E protein inversely correlates with ZIKV disease symptoms. Our study provides insight into unlinked evolution of immune response to ZIKV infection and identified unique targets for ZIKV serodiagnostics.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Viral / blood*
  • Antibodies, Viral / immunology
  • Antibody Affinity / physiology
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G / blood
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins / metabolism
  • Viral Vaccines / immunology
  • Zika Virus / immunology
  • Zika Virus Infection / diagnosis
  • Zika Virus Infection / immunology*

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • NS1 protein, zika virus
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins
  • Viral Vaccines