Effects of Mogrosides on High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice

Molecules. 2018 Jul 29;23(8):1894. doi: 10.3390/molecules23081894.

Abstract

Obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are highly prevalent and cause numerous metabolic diseases. However, drugs for the prevention and treatment of obesity and NAFLD remain unavailable. In this study, we investigated the effects of mogrosides (luo han guo, LH) in Siraitia grosvenorii saponins on high-fat-diet-induced obesity and NAFLD in mice. We found that compared with the negative control, LH reduced body and liver weight. LH also decreased fat accumulation and increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation (pAMPK) levels in mouse livers. We also found that high-purity mogroside V upregulated pAMPK expression in HepG2 cells. In addition, high-purity mogroside V inhibited reactive oxygen species production and upregulated sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1, p62) expression in THP-1 cells. These results suggest that LH may affect obesity and NAFLD by enhancing fat metabolism and antioxidative defenses. Mogroside V may be a main component of LH. However, the exact molecular mechanisms and active components responsible for the inhibitory effects of LH on obesity and NAFLD require further investigation.

Keywords: AMPK; Siraitia grosvenorii; mogrosides; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; obesity; p62.

MeSH terms

  • AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / genetics
  • AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Adipose Tissue / drug effects
  • Adipose Tissue / metabolism
  • Adipose Tissue / pathology
  • Animals
  • Anti-Obesity Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Obesity Agents / isolation & purification
  • Anti-Obesity Agents / pharmacology*
  • Anticholesteremic Agents / chemistry
  • Anticholesteremic Agents / isolation & purification
  • Anticholesteremic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Body Weight / drug effects
  • Diet, High-Fat / adverse effects
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Hep G2 Cells
  • Humans
  • Liver / drug effects
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Liver / pathology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Momordica / chemistry*
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / drug therapy*
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / etiology
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / metabolism
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / pathology
  • Obesity / drug therapy*
  • Obesity / etiology
  • Obesity / metabolism
  • Obesity / pathology
  • Organ Size / drug effects
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Saponins / chemistry
  • Saponins / isolation & purification
  • Saponins / pharmacology
  • Sequestosome-1 Protein / agonists
  • Sequestosome-1 Protein / genetics
  • Sequestosome-1 Protein / metabolism
  • THP-1 Cells
  • Triterpenes / chemistry
  • Triterpenes / isolation & purification
  • Triterpenes / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Anti-Obesity Agents
  • Anticholesteremic Agents
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Saponins
  • Sequestosome-1 Protein
  • Sqstm1 protein, mouse
  • Triterpenes
  • mogroside V
  • AMP-Activated Protein Kinases