Introduction and objectives: Bipolar plasma vaporization (BPV) has been introduced as an alternative to transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Promising short-term results, but inferior mid-term results compared to TURP have been reported following first-generation bipolar electrovaporization. Outcome data following second-generation BPV are still scarce. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the intra- and postoperative outcomes of contemporary BPV in a center with long-standing expertise on laser vaporization of the prostate.
Methods: A consecutive series of 83 patients undergoing BPV in a tertiary referral center was prospectively evaluated. The investigated outcome parameters included the maximum flow rate (Qmax), postvoid residual volume, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS)/quality of life (Qol), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests. Follow-up investigations took place after 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare pre- and post-treatment parameters.
Results: The median (range) preoperative prostate volume was 41 mL (17-111 mL). The preoperative IPSS, Qol, Qmax, and residual volume were 16 (2-35), 4 (0-6), 10.1 mL/s (3-29.3 mL/s), and 87 mL (0-1000 mL), respectively. One third of the patients were undergoing platelet aggregation inhibition (PAI). No intraoperative complications occurred. Postoperatively, 13 patients (15.7%) had to be recatheterized. Three patients (3.6%) had clot retention and 28 patients (34%) reported any grade of dysuria. After 6 weeks, all outcome parameters improved significantly and remained improved over the 12-month observation period [IPSS: 3 (0-2); Qol: 1 (0-4); Qmax: 17.2 mL/s (3.2-56 mL/s); residual volume 11 mL (0-190 mL)]. The PSA reduction was 60% at study conclusion. Three patients (3.6%) developed a urethral stricture and four patients (4.8%) bladder neck sclerosis. Re-resections were not necessary.
Conclusions: Contemporary BPV is a safe and efficacious treatment option even for patients undergoing PAI. Early urinary retention and temporary dysuria seem to be specific side effects of the treatment. Bleeding complications are rare. Long-term follow-up is needed to confirm these promising short-term results.