Grape powder supplementation prevents oxidative stress-induced anxiety-like behavior, memory impairment, and high blood pressure in rats

J Nutr. 2013 Jun;143(6):835-42. doi: 10.3945/jn.113.174649. Epub 2013 Apr 17.

Abstract

We examined whether or not grape powder treatment ameliorates oxidative stress-induced anxiety-like behavior, memory impairment, and hypertension in rats. Oxidative stress in Sprague-Dawley rats was produced by using L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO). Four groups of rats were used: 1) control (C; injected with vehicle and provided with tap water), 2) grape powder-treated (GP; injected with vehicle and provided for 3 wk with 15 g/L grape powder dissolved in tap water), 3) BSO-treated [injected with BSO (300 mg/kg body weight), i.p. for 7 d and provided with tap water], and 4) BSO plus grape powder-treated (GP+BSO; injected with BSO and provided with grape powder-treated tap water). Anxiety-like behavior was significantly greater in BSO rats compared with C or GP rats (P < 0.05). Grape powder attenuated BSO-induced anxiety-like behavior in GP+BSO rats. BSO rats made significantly more errors in both short- and long-term memory tests compared with C or GP rats (P < 0.05), which was prevented in GP+BSO rats. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was significantly greater in BSO rats compared with C or GP rats (P < 0.05), whereas grape powder prevented high blood pressure in GP+BSO rats. Furthermore, brain extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK-1/2) was activated (P < 0.05), whereas levels of glyoxalase-1 (GLO-1), glutathione reductase-1 (GSR-1), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV (CAMK-IV), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were significantly less (P < 0.05) in BSO but not in GP+BSO rats compared with C or GP rats. We suggest that by regulating brain ERK-1/2, GLO-1, GSR-1, CAMK-IV, CREB, and BDNF levels, grape powder prevents oxidative stress-induced anxiety, memory impairment, and hypertension in rats.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anxiety / etiology
  • Anxiety / prevention & control*
  • Behavior, Animal
  • Brain Chemistry
  • Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / analysis
  • Buthionine Sulfoximine / administration & dosage
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4 / analysis
  • Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / analysis
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / metabolism
  • Food, Preserved
  • Freeze Drying
  • Fruit / chemistry*
  • Glutathione Reductase / analysis
  • Hypertension / etiology
  • Hypertension / prevention & control*
  • Lactoylglutathione Lyase / analysis
  • Male
  • Memory Disorders / etiology
  • Memory Disorders / prevention & control*
  • Oxidative Stress / physiology*
  • Polyphenols / administration & dosage
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Vitis / chemistry*

Substances

  • Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
  • Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein
  • Polyphenols
  • Buthionine Sulfoximine
  • Glutathione Reductase
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4
  • Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases
  • Lactoylglutathione Lyase