Encapsulation of the most potent antioxidant betalains in edible matrixes as powders of different colors

J Agric Food Chem. 2013 May 8;61(18):4294-302. doi: 10.1021/jf400337g. Epub 2013 Apr 26.

Abstract

Betalains are plant pigments with high antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. While basal activity exists in all betalains, the dihydroxylated molecules present the highest TEAC values of the family of compounds. However, their lability limits possible applications. This work reports the encapsulation of the most active pigments, the yellow miraxanthin V and the violet betanidin in edible matrixes of chitosan and maltodextrin. An appropriate spray-drying procedure is described, with an inlet air temperature of 140 °C. The resulting particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and powder color was analyzed by spectrophotometry using an integrating sphere. Stability of the bioactive compounds was followed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and it was highly promoted by encapsulation, with limited pigment loss after six months' storage. Particles retained the antioxidant and antiradical activities of the soluble pigments measured under the FRAP and ABTS radical assays. A combination of miraxanthin V and betanidin in variable proportions provides a bright palette of encapsulated powders of different colors suitable for food applications.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antioxidants / chemistry*
  • Betalains / chemistry*
  • Chitosan / chemistry
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Chromatography, Ion Exchange
  • Color
  • Food Handling / methods*
  • Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
  • Picolinic Acids / chemistry
  • Polysaccharides / chemistry
  • Powders / chemistry
  • Spectrophotometry

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Picolinic Acids
  • Polysaccharides
  • Powders
  • betaxanthin
  • Betalains
  • maltodextrin
  • Chitosan