Phosphorus availability to maize as influenced by organic manures and fertilizer P associated phosphatase activity in soils

Bioresour Technol. 2008 Sep;99(13):5773-7. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.10.063. Epub 2008 Mar 5.

Abstract

Laboratory incubation and green house studies were conducted to compare the P availability of organic manures and P uptake from organic manures by maize. Various organic manures viz. Poultry manure (PM), Farmyard manure (FYM), Green manure (GM) and Crop residue (CR) and graded levels of fertilizer P were applied in Samana sandy loam and Ladhowal silt loam soils and incubated for 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days. Samples were analyzed for P availability, P uptake and alkaline phosphatase activity. The overall, phosphatase activity, Paranitrophenyl phosphate (PNP h(-1)g(-1)), in the Ladhowal silt loam soil was higher than in the Samana sandy loam soil. As the level of inorganic P increased, the release of PNP h(-1)g(-1) soil also increased. Among different organic manures, PM registered the highest enzyme activity followed by FYM, GM and CR. Compared to 7 days incubation a slightly higher increase in PNP was noticed in samples from 90 days incubation in both soils. The differential phosphatase activity in the organic manures was further reflected in dynamic P availability. The highest amount of Olsen extractable P was in PM-treated soil followed by FYM, GM and field pea crop residue. Organic manure addition along with inorganic P, irrespective of the source, increased the Olsen extractable P throughout the incubation period. Total P uptake by maize increased with the increasing level of inorganic P in both soils. The highest uptake was obtained in PM-treated soil and lowest in the CR-amended soil. We conclude that PM more readily supplies P to plants than other organic manure sources.

MeSH terms

  • Alkaline Phosphatase / analysis
  • Biological Availability
  • Calcium Carbonate / analysis
  • Cations / analysis
  • Fertilizers*
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • India
  • Manure*
  • Organic Chemicals / analysis*
  • Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / analysis*
  • Phosphorus / analysis*
  • Plant Development*
  • Silicon Dioxide
  • Soil / analysis*
  • Zea mays / metabolism*

Substances

  • Cations
  • Fertilizers
  • Manure
  • Organic Chemicals
  • Soil
  • Phosphorus
  • Silicon Dioxide
  • phosphorylphosphatase
  • Alkaline Phosphatase
  • Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases
  • Calcium Carbonate