Kinetics of virus-specific IgA production by PP (A), MLN (B), and LP (C) from i.m.-immunized and unimmunized animals after oral challenge. Adult BALB/c mice were inoculated i.m. with simian rotavirus strain RRV (i.m. primed). Six weeks after primary i.m. inoculation, naïve (unprimed) and i.m.-primed mice were inoculated orally with EDIM. Lymphoid cultures of systemic and gut-associated tissues were performed 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after oral inoculation. Supernatant fluids were tested for the presence of rotavirus-specific and total IgA by ELISA. Virus-specific antibodies were not detected by ELISA at concentrations of <2 ng/ml. Ratios are rotavirus-specific IgA/total IgA (in nanograms per ml). ND, not done.

Kinetics of virus-specific IgG production by PP (A), MLN (B), and LP (C) from i.m.-immunized and unimmunized animals after oral challenge. Adult BALB/c mice were inoculated i.m. with simian rotavirus strain RRV (i.m. primed). Six weeks after primary i.m. inoculation, naïve (unprimed) and i.m.-primed mice were inoculated orally with EDIM. Lymphoid cultures of systemic and gut-associated tissues were performed 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after oral inoculation. Supernatant fluids were tested for the presence of rotavirus-specific and total IgG by ELISA. Virus-specific IgG was not detected by ELISA at concentrations of <2 ng/ml. Ratios are rotavirus-specific IgG/total IgG (in nanograms per ml). ND, not done.