The ain of this presentation is to show the advantages and disadvantages of a single prophylactic dose of Mefoxin, in comparison to the classical antibiotic prophylaxis with penicillin and gentamicin. The authors conclude that: single dose prophylaxis with Mefoxin significantly reduces the rate of infection morbidity after caesarean section; a single application of 2 g Mefoxin after clamping of the umbilicus is enough for prophylaxis of infectious complications after caesarean section.