Abstract
Cell surface proteoglycans (PGs) have been implicated in neuronal growth, migration and differentiation and can play pivotal roles both in cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions during the development of the nervous system. We have previously shown that glutamate activation of excitatory amino acid receptors induces the synthesis and release of PGs with neurite-promoting activity from hippocampal neurones. In this study, we have investigated the activity-dependent regulation of mRNA expression of two PGs in fetal hippocampal neurones using a competitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and correlated this expression with neuronal growth. Both cerebroglycan (CBG), a glycosylphatidylinositol-anchored heparan sulphate PG, and neurocan, a developmentally regulated chondroitin sulphate PG, are expressed in hippocampal neurones. Exposure of hippocampal neurones to 100 microM glutamate for 5 min resulted in an increase in CBG mRNA levels and an increase in axonal and dendritic length. The increase in CBG mRNA levels following glutamate exposure was mediated via both N-methyl-D-aspartate and metabotropic receptor activation.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Cells, Cultured
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Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / biosynthesis*
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Cycloleucine / analogs & derivatives
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Cycloleucine / pharmacology
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DNA Primers
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Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / pharmacology*
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Fetus
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Glutamic Acid / pharmacology*
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Glycosylphosphatidylinositols / metabolism
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Glypicans
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Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans*
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Hippocampus / physiology*
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Lectins, C-Type
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Membrane Proteins / biosynthesis*
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N-Methylaspartate / pharmacology
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Nerve Tissue Proteins / biosynthesis*
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Neurocan
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Neurons / drug effects
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Neurons / physiology*
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Neuroprotective Agents / pharmacology
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Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Proteoglycans / biosynthesis*
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RNA, Messenger / biosynthesis
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Rats
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Receptors, Glutamate / physiology*
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Transcription, Genetic / drug effects*
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alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid / pharmacology
Substances
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Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans
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DNA Primers
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Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists
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GPC2 protein, human
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Glycosylphosphatidylinositols
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Glypicans
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Gpc2 protein, rat
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Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans
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Lectins, C-Type
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Membrane Proteins
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Nerve Tissue Proteins
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Neurocan
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Neuroprotective Agents
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Proteoglycans
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RNA, Messenger
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Receptors, Glutamate
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Cycloleucine
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1-amino-1,3-dicarboxycyclopentane
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NCAN protein, human
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Glutamic Acid
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N-Methylaspartate
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alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid