The present study examined the validity of the Recognition Discriminability-Long Delay Free Recall discrepancy from the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) as a sign of retrieval deficits in closed-head injury (CHI). Discrepancy and nondiscrepancy groups who differed in their Recognition Discriminability performance but were equated on Long-Delay Free Recall were compared on indices hypothesized to reveal performance patterns consistent with retrieval deficits. Results showed that the discrepancy group produced fewer intrusions. The two groups did not differ in their consistency of recall or relative degree of benefit from semantic cuing. Additional analysis using a discrepancy group with normal Recognition Discriminability scores but abnormal Long-Delay Free Recall performance did not alter these results. The hypotheses were not supported when patients with language deficits were excluded. The findings did not support the use of this discrepancy from the CVLT as a marker for retrieval deficits in CHI.