The anatomy and physiological properties of eight non-giant projection interneurones which originate from the locust terminal abdominal ganglion and receive wind and tactile inputs from ovipositor hair receptors are described. Their cell bodies (diameter 25-40 mu m) are clustered in the anterolateral region of the eighth abdominal neuromere, and their axons ascend through either the contralateral or the ipsilateral connective to more anterior abdominal ganglia. In contrast to the giant interneurones, they have small-diameter axons and are not sensitive to cercal hair wind inputs. According to their arborisation pattern within the terminal abdominal ganglion, the non-giant projection interneurones can be divided into those with main central arborisations in the ventral neuropil (anterolateral interneurones 1-6, ALIN1-ALIN6) and those with arborisations in the dorsal neuropil (ALIN7 and ALIN8). Interneurones of the first type possess four to six secondary neurites, which form a dense dendritic field in the ventral neuropil, either contralaterally or ipsilaterally to their soma. Two interneurones have contralaterally ascending axons and main dendritic fields contralateral to their soma. Two interneurones have contralaterally ascending axons and ipsilateral main dendritic fields. One interneurone has an ipsilaterally ascending axon and an ipsilateral main dendritic field. The primary neurites of interneurones with contralateral axons transverse the ganglion through dorsal commissure I. Five interneurones have unilateral ventral dendritic fields. One interneurone possesses bilateral ventral branches. Some interneurones project only in the eighth abdominal neuromere, whereas others send branches posteriorly into the neuropil of the ninth abdominal neuromere. Interneurones of the second type send three to four secondary neurites to the dorsal neuropil of the eighth and ninth abdominal neuromeres. One interneurone has an ascending axon in the ipsilateral connective and the other in the contralateral connective. The axons of the projection interneurones pass through a lateral or dorsal tract to the seventh abdominal ganglion. Their axonal projections are sparse, remain ipsilateral to the axons, and are confined to the dorsomedial neuropil. ALIN1-ALIN7 are depolarised and spike in response to wind and direct mechanical deflection of trichoid sensilla on both left and right ovipositor valves. They respond with more spikes to stimulation of hairs on the ventral valve ipsilateral to their main dendritic field. ALIN8, in contrast, shows a delayed inhibitory/excitatory response.