Lymphocyte homing to lymph nodes and Peyer's patches is mediated, in part, by adhesive interactions between L-selectin expressed by lymphocytes and L-selectin ligands displayed at the surface of the cuboidal endothelial cells lining the post-capillary venules within lymphoid aggregates. Candidate terminal oligosaccharide structures thought to be essential for effective L-selectin ligand activity include a sulfated derivative of the sialyl Lewis x tetrasaccharide. Cell type-specific synthesis of this oligosaccharide is presumed to require one or more alpha(1,3)fucosyltransferases, operating upon common 3'-sialylated and/or sulfated N-acetyllactosamine-type precursors. The identity of the alpha(1,3)fucosyltransferase(s) expressed in cells that bear L-selectin ligands has not been defined. We report here the molecular cloning and characterization of a murine alpha(1,3)fucosyltransferase locus whose expression pattern correlates with expression of high affinity ligands for L-selectin. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrate that this cDNA and its cognate alpha(1,3)fucosyltransferase are expressed in endothelial cells lining the high endothelial venules of peripheral lymph nodes, mesenteric lymph nodes, and Peyer's patches. These expression patterns correlate precisely with the expression pattern of L-selectin ligands identified with a chimeric L-selectin/IgM immunohistochemical probe and by the high endothelial venule-reactive monoclonal antibody MECA-79. Transcripts corresponding to this cDNA are also detected in isolated bone marrow cells, a source rich in the surface-localized ligands for E- and P-selectins. Sequence and functional analyses indicate that this murine enzyme corresponds to the human Fuc-TVII locus. These observations suggest that Fuc-TVII participates in the generation of alpha(1,3)fucosylated ligands for L-selectin and provide further evidence for a role for this enzyme in E- and P-selectin ligand expression in leukocytes.