Clinical records of all patients treated from 1983 to 1991 in a university clinic for lang-term-use of benzodiazepines were examined. Daily intake of benzodiazepines began in 80% immediately after the first prescription. At the time of admission, 34% reported intake of more than 3 DDD, i.e. more than 30 mg of diazepam. In patients 70%, additional abuse of alcohol and/or other psychotropic substances was established. Benzodiazepines were the first substances abused in 49%. The diagnosis of abuse or dependency was made in 65% before admission. Symptoms of organic brain syndrome were described in 30% of all records. Symptom leading to first benzodiazepine intake were somatic complaints (40%), depressed mood (39%), insomnia (37% and anxiety (24%). Between first intake and admission, there was a significant increase in patients with somatic complaints, depressed mood and anxiety. After detocification, symptoms leading to admission improved in 80% of all patients.