Med Hypotheses. 1994 Apr;42(4):257-60.

D2 dopamine receptor gene and cigarette smoking: a reward gene?

Noble EP, St Jeor ST, Ritchie T, Syndulko K, St Jeor SC, Fitch RJ, Brunner RL, Sparkes RS.

Source

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.

Abstract

There is now growing evidence that the less prevalent allele (A1) of the D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) gene is strongly associated with severe alcoholism. Similarly, subjects who abuse illegal drugs or who are obese also show a significantly higher prevalence of the A1 DRD2 allele compared to controls. Moreover, cigarette smokers, both past and current, demonstrate significantly higher prevalence of the A1 allele than nonsmokers. In as much as alcohol, cocaine, opiates, nicotine and food are known to increase brain dopamine levels and activate the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic reward pathways of the brain, it is hypothesized that an inherited deficit of D2 dopamine receptor numbers in brain reward areas of A1 allelic subject predisposes them to substance abuse problems.

PMID:: 8072432; [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances, Grant Support

Publication Types

MeSH Terms

Substances

Receptors, Dopamine D2

Grant Support

HL34589/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States

LinkOut - more resources

Medical

Smoking - MedlinePlus Health Information

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