In this paper we investigate the important contribution of multiple public health surveillance systems to policy in chronic disease control and prevention. We show that, typically, surveillance for chronic diseases relies on multiple data sources, often created for another purpose. We also define the concept of burden for chronic conditions based on data from multiple sources. An example from a state illustrates a model for combining data for use in policy development. These applications illustrate the central role of statistical methods in ensuring the appropriate use of data from multiple surveillance systems.