The case histories and tissue sections from 280 patients with chondrosarcoma of the bones of the limbs, limb girdles, and spinal column were studied retrospectively, and the findings were correlated with survival by actuarial methods. One hundred thirty patients with no prior treatment who underwent curative surgery were studied separately. Size and histologic grade of tumor were the most significant prognostic factors. Control of the primary lesion was found to be of critical importance; local recurrence adversely affected survival.