Selection criteria are outlined for five forms of brief psychotherapy--crisis intervention, psychodynamic, problem-solving, marital/family, and behavior. Indications, patient enabling factors, and contraindications are suggested for each. This is organized along a three-step decision tree intended to guide, in turn, the selection of (1) crisis intervention, (2) brief vs. long-term therapy, (3) one particular type of brief psychotherapy from among the various models. The value and limitations of a differential therapeutic approach are discussed.