Acute renal failure developed in a previously healthy woman in association with acute iritis. Renal biopsy revealed acute mononuclear interstitial nephritis. Known systemic illnesses that can present as acute renal failure and have ocular manifestations of iritis/uveitis were excluded by detailed testing and observation during a 24-month period. No cause for this renal-ocular syndrome was discovered. There was a dramatic improvement to normal renal function and complete resolution of ocular findings following a two-month course of steroid therapy.