The effect of the intra-articular injection of acetylsalicylic acid in patients with rheumatoid arthritis was compared with that of hydrocortisone acetate and with that of saline in blind, controlled, clinical trials. All three preparations were effective in relieving pain and improving the range of motion, and no significant differences were demonstrated. The results suggest a need for the re-appraisal of the value of intra-articular administration of synthetic corticosteroids.