Antimicrobial activity of eravacycline and other comparative agents on aerobic and anaerobic bacterial pathogens in Taiwan: A clinical microbiological study

Ming-Han Tsai; Chyi-Liang Chen; Hsin-Ju Chang; Tzu-Chun Chuang; Cheng-Hsun Chiu

doi:10.1016/j.jgar.2024.03.014

Antimicrobial activity of eravacycline and other comparative agents on aerobic and anaerobic bacterial pathogens in Taiwan: A clinical microbiological study

J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2024 Mar 27:37:93-99. doi: 10.1016/j.jgar.2024.03.014. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Ming-Han Tsai¹, Chyi-Liang Chen², Hsin-Ju Chang³, Tzu-Chun Chuang³, Cheng-Hsun Chiu⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
² Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
³ Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Electronic address: chchiu@adm.cgmh.org.tw.

PMID: 38552878
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2024.03.014

Abstract

Objectives: Eravacycline, a new tetracycline derivative, exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial susceptibility. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate in vitro activities of eravacycline, tigecycline, and ertapenem against various Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria.

Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using the broth microdilution method. The following bacterial species were collected: vancomycin-sensitive (VS) Enterococci species, vancomycin-resistant Enterococci species (VRE), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus anginosus, Bacteroides species, Clostridioides difficile, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium perfringens, Parabacteroides distasonis, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.

Results: We found that eravacycline exhibited superior in vitro activity compared to tigecycline and ertapenem. Notably, it exhibited the lowest MIC₉₀ for several bacterial species, including VS E. faecalis (0.12 µg/mL), VS E. faecium (0.12 µg/mL), and others. Besides, VRE was susceptible to eravacycline (MIC₉₀:0.12 µg/mL) and tigecycline (MIC₉₀:0.12 µg/mL), but was all resistant to ertapenem (MIC₉₀ > 64 µg/mL). S. aureus was also susceptible to eravacycline (MIC₉₀:0.5 µg/mL) as well as tigecycline (MIC₉₀:1.0 µg/mL). Furthermore, S. anginosus showed higher susceptibility to eravacycline (MIC₉₀:2.0 µg/mL) and tigecycline (MIC₉₀:4.0 µg/mL), but lower to ertapenem (MIC₉₀:32.0 µg/mL). Eravacycline and tigecycline also demonstrated good susceptibility to anaerobes, including Bacteroides species (susceptibility rate: 100%), P. distasonis (100%), C. difficile (94.1‒100%), C. innocuum (94.1‒96.1%), and C. perfringens (88.9‒96.3%). For S. maltophilia, both tigecycline and eravacycline showed an MIC₉₀ of 2 µg/mL. A moderate-to-strong correlation (rho = 0.608-0.804, P < 0.001) was noted between the MIC values of eravacycline and tigecycline against various bacterial species.

Conclusions: Our study highlights the potential of eravacycline as an effective treatment option for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.

Keywords: Antimicrobial susceptibility; Eravacycline; Ertapenem; Tigecycline.