Case: The patient, a 21-year-old female Division I track and field athlete, presents with bilateral calf pain, tightness, numbness, and swelling during activity. Initially diagnosed with chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS), she underwent bilateral four-compartment fasciotomies. After 4 months, she experienced persistence of some of her prefasciotomy symptoms and was referred to vascular surgery. A fibrous band was compressing the popliteal artery, making the diagnosis of popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES). She underwent bilateral popliteal artery decompressions. She had a successful recovery with no recurrence of numbness, weakness, or pain.
Conclusion: Recognize that structural PAES may coexist with CECS.
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