Facile synthesis of hydroxylated triazine-based magnetic microporous organic network for ultrahigh adsorption of phenylurea herbicides: An experimental and density-functional theory study

Microporous organic networks (MONs) are highly porous materials that are particularly useful in analytical chemistry. However, the use of these materials is often limited by the functional groups available on their surface. Here, we described the polymerization of a sea urchin-like structure material at ambient temperature, that was functionalized with hydroxyl, carboxyl, and triazine groups and denoted as OH-COOH-MON-TEPT. A substantial proportion of OH-COOH-MON-TEPT was intricately decorated EDA-Fe₃O₄, creating a well-designed configuration (EDA-Fe₃O₄ @OH-COOH-MON-TEPT-EDC) for superior adsorption of the target analytes phenylurea herbicides (PUHs) via magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE). The proposed method showed remarkably low limits of detection ranging from 0.03 to 0.22 ng·L^-1. Experimental investigations and theoretical analyses unveiled the adsorption mode between EDA-Fe₃O₄ @OH-COOH-MON-TEPT-EDC and PUHs. These findings establish a robust foundation for potential applications of EDA-Fe₃O₄ @OH-COOH-MON-TEPT-EDC in the analysis of various polar contaminants.