After longterm treatment (mean duration 7.2 years) with antihyperuricemic drugs, ten tophaceous gouty patients requested withdrawal of the medication because they had not felt any arthritic pains for years, the tophi had disappeared, and they disliked the idea of taking the medicine daily for the rest of their lives. Five patients (Group I) had no recurrence of either arthritis or tophi during follow-up for 18 to 52 months (average duration 33 months). Five patients (Group II) had a recurrence of arthritis 5 to 29 months (average 15.8 months) after cessation of therapy and two of them developed tophi again at 29 months and resumed treatment. Group II patients tended toward obesity, more severe hyperuricemia and an earlier age onset of gout, as compared with Group I patients. The creatinine concentration determined before, during, and after treatment showed no change. On the basis of the present findings it seems justified to withdraw medication in cases of tophaceous gout in remission when aggravating factors such as obesity and severe hyperuricemia are absent. Attacks of gout and tophi are likely to recur, but so far in our series the duration of the symptom-free period without medication is almost three years for Group I patients, who are now considered as "asymptomatic hyperuricemics".