The European Institute of Oncology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System for Classification of Thyroid Nodules: A Prospective Study

Elvio De Fiori; Carolina Lanza; Serena Carriero; Francesca Tettamanzi; Samuele Frassoni; Vincenzo Bagnardi; Giovanni Mauri

doi:10.3390/jcm11113238

The European Institute of Oncology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System for Classification of Thyroid Nodules: A Prospective Study

J Clin Med. 2022 Jun 6;11(11):3238. doi: 10.3390/jcm11113238.

Authors

Elvio De Fiori¹, Carolina Lanza², Serena Carriero², Francesca Tettamanzi³, Samuele Frassoni⁴, Vincenzo Bagnardi⁴, Giovanni Mauri^{5

6}

Affiliations

¹ Unità di Radiologia Clinico Diagnostica, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy.
² Postgraduate School of Radiodiagnostics, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
³ Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy.
⁴ Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.
⁵ Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
⁶ Division of Interventional Radiology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy.

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the performance, quality and effectiveness of "IEO-TIRADS" in assigning a TI-RADS score to thyroid nodules (TN) when compared with "EU-TIRADS" and the US risk score calculated with the S-Detect software ("S-Detect"). The primary objective is the evaluation of diagnostic accuracy (DA) by "IEO-TIRADS", "S-Detect" and "EU-TIRADS", and the secondary objective is to evaluate the diagnostic performances of the scores, using the histological report as the gold standard.

Methods: A radiologist collected all three scores of the TNs detected and determined the risk of malignancy. The results of all the scores were compared with the histological specimens. The sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), and diagnostic accuracy (DA), with their 95% confidence interval (95% CI), were calculated for each method.

Results: 140 TNs were observed in 93 patients and classified according to all three scores. "IEO-TIRADS" has an SE of 73.6%, an SP of 59.2% and a DA of 68.6%. "EU-TIRADS" has an SE of 90.1%, an SP of 32.7% and a DA of 70.0%. "S-Detect" has an SE of 67.0%, an SP of 69.4% and a DA of 67.9%.

Conclusion: "IEO-TIRADS" has a similar diagnostic performance to "S-Detect" and "EU-TIRADS". Providing a comparable DA with other reporting systems, IEO-TIRADS holds the potential of being applied in clinical practice.

Keywords: TIRADS; US; computer-aided diagnosis; diagnosis; thyroid; thyroid nodule.

Grants and funding

This work was partially supported by the Italian Ministry of Health with Ricerca Corrente and 5 × 1000 funds for IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS and by Samsung Healtcare.