A review on sensing and catalytic activity of nano-catalyst for synthesis of one-step ammonia and urea: Challenges and perspectives

Saima Qureshi; Mudassar Mumtaz; Fai Kait Chong; Ahmad Mukhtar; Sidra Saqib; Sami Ullah; Muhammad Mubashir; Kuan Shiong Khoo; Pau Loke Show

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132806

A review on sensing and catalytic activity of nano-catalyst for synthesis of one-step ammonia and urea: Challenges and perspectives

Chemosphere. 2022 Mar;291(Pt 3):132806. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132806. Epub 2021 Nov 13.

Authors

Saima Qureshi¹, Mudassar Mumtaz², Fai Kait Chong³, Ahmad Mukhtar⁴, Sidra Saqib⁵, Sami Ullah⁶, Muhammad Mubashir⁷, Kuan Shiong Khoo⁸, Pau Loke Show⁹

Affiliations

¹ University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 6, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia. Electronic address: saima.qureshi@uns.ac.rs.
² Shale Gas Research Group, Institute of Hydrocarbon Recovery, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
³ Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
⁴ Department of Chemical Engineering, NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertilizer Research, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
⁵ Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 54000, Pakistan.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, P. O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Engineering, Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
⁸ Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
⁹ Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham, Malaysia, Semenyih, 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Electronic address: PauLoke.Show@nottingham.edu.my.

PMID: 34780730
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132806

Abstract

One of the most significant chemical operations in the past century was the Haber-Bosch catalytic synthesis of ammonia, a fertilizer vital to human life. Many catalysts are developed for effective route of ammonia synthesis. The major challenges are to reduce temperature and pressure of process and to improve conversion of reactants produce green ammonia. The present review, briefly discusses the evolution of ammonia synthesis and current advances in nanocatalyst development. There are promising new ammonia synthesis catalysts of different morphology as well as magnetic nanoparticles and nanowires that could replace conventional Fused-Fe and Promoted-Ru catalysts in existing ammonia synthesis plants. These magnetic nanocatalyst could be basis for the production of magnetically induced one-step green ammonia and urea synthesis processes in future.

Keywords: Adsorption; Catalyst; Magnetic chemical reaction; One-step green synthesis.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Ammonia*
Catalysis
Fertilizers
Humans
Temperature
Urea*

Substances

Fertilizers
Ammonia
Urea