Cigarette smoke extract induces pyroptosis in human bronchial epithelial cells through the ROS/NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway

Life Sci. 2021 Mar 15:269:119090. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119090. Epub 2021 Jan 16.

Abstract

Aims: Pyroptosis and inflammation are involved in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the cigarette smoke-mediated mechanism of COPD remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in the death of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells after cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure.

Main methods: The protein level of NLRP3 in lung tissue was measured after cigarette smoke exposure in vivo. In vitro, HBE cells were treated with CSE. Subsequently, the activity of caspase-1, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, release of interleukin (IL)-1β and NLRP3 expression levels were measured. The involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was also explored.

Key findings: After exposure to CSE, increased release of LDH, the transcriptional and translational upregulation of NLRP3, the caspase-1 activity levels, and enhanced IL-1β and IL-18 release were observed in 16HBE cells. In addition, NLRP3 was required to activate the caspase-1. Our results suggested that pre-stimulated of 16HBE with a caspase-1 inhibitor, or using NLRP3 siRNA to silence NLRP3 expression, also caused the decrease of IL-1β release and pyroptosis.

Significances: CSE induced inflammation and contributed to pyroptosis through the ROS/NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway in 16HBE cells. The NLRP3 inflammasome participates in CSE-induced HBE cell damage and pyroptosis, which could provide new insights into COPD.

Keywords: Cigarette smoke extract; Human bronchial epithelial cells; NLRP3/caspase-1 inflammasome; Pyroptosis; ROS.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bronchi / drug effects
  • Bronchi / metabolism
  • Bronchi / pathology*
  • Caspase 1 / genetics
  • Caspase 1 / metabolism*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Epithelial Cells / drug effects
  • Epithelial Cells / metabolism
  • Epithelial Cells / pathology*
  • Humans
  • Inflammasomes / drug effects
  • Inflammasomes / metabolism
  • Inflammation / etiology
  • Inflammation / metabolism
  • Inflammation / pathology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein / genetics
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein / metabolism*
  • Nicotiana
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / etiology
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / metabolism
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / pathology*
  • Pyroptosis*
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Smoke / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Inflammasomes
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Smoke
  • Caspase 1