Leaching of Atoms, Clusters, and Nanoparticles

Since the elucidation of the leaching process by Mizoroki in the 1970s, the research focused on this problem has increased. As a result, it has been discovered that the leached metals can not only hinder product yield, but they can also remain as contaminants of the final products. Thus, it can be concluded that metal leaching needs to be diminished or avoided more efficiently. This problem is important for the industry and the environment because of the increases in costs and pollution. In 2014, we reported a brief review related to this important feature; now we would like to report on the latest findings on this important phenomenon, including an update on the mechanisms used to explain leaching and the reactions that support those mechanisms and including patents related to leaching in catalysis that have appeared in recent years.