1 Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies and School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA. Brandon.Yan@ucsf.edu.
2 Department of Economics, Sanford School of Public Policy, and Margolis Center for Health Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
3 Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies and School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA.
4 School of Medicine, School of Public Health, and Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.