Effect of treatment with conditioned media derived from C2C12 myotube on adipogenesis and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

PLoS One. 2020 Aug 5;15(8):e0237095. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237095. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Regular exercise is an effective strategy that is used to prevent and treat obesity as well as type 2 diabetes. Exercise-induced myokine secretion is considered a mechanism that coordinates communication between muscles and other organs. In order to examine the possibility of novel communications from muscle to adipose tissue mediated by myokines, we treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes with C2C12 myotube electrical pulse stimulation-conditioned media (EPS-CM), using a C2C12 myotube contraction system stimulated by an electrical pulse. Continuous treatment with myotube EPS-CM promoted adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes via the upregulation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) 2 and PPARγ-regulated gene expression. Furthermore, our results revealed that myotube EPS-CM induces lipolysis and secretion of adiponectin in mature adipocytes. EPS-CM obtained from a C2C12 myoblast culture did not induce such changes in these genes, suggesting that contraction-induced myokine(s) secretion occurs particularly in differentiated myotubes. Thus, contraction-induced secretion of myokine(s) promotes adipogenesis and lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These findings suggest the possibility that skeletal muscle communicates to adipose tissues during exercise, probably by the intermediary of unidentified myokines.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • 3T3 Cells
  • Adipocytes / cytology*
  • Adipocytes / drug effects
  • Adipocytes / metabolism
  • Adipogenesis
  • Adiponectin / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Cell Communication
  • Cell Differentiation*
  • Culture Media, Conditioned / pharmacology
  • Lipolysis*
  • Mice
  • Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / metabolism*
  • PPAR gamma / metabolism

Substances

  • Adiponectin
  • Culture Media, Conditioned
  • PPAR gamma

Grants and funding

This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research to N.G-I. (19K20161) and N.L.F. (18H04086), and by a Grant-in-Aid from the Funding Program for World-Leading Innovative R&D on Science and Technology by the Council for Science and Technology Policy to N.L.F. (LS102).