The cellular immunophenotype expression of influenza A virus and influenza B virus infection in children

Clin Immunol. 2020 Oct:219:108548. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108548. Epub 2020 Jul 29.

Abstract

Background: The innate immune response is the primary defense against influenza virus infection.

Methods: This is a prospective study carried out in children <18 years of age who were diagnosed with influenza A or influenza B infection. Demographic and clinical data, laboratory findings and cell immunophenotypes on first presentation were compared.

Results: With respect to immunophenotype, influenza A infection resulted in a higher fraction of CD14+ and CD4+IL-17A+cells compared to children infected with influenza B. By contrast, influenza B infection resulted in a comparatively higher percentage of double-negative CD4-CD8- lymphocyte subsets. Influenza A infection was associated with comparatively higher percentages of CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ and CD4+CD25lowFoxp3+ cells. By contrast, the percentage of CD8+CD25high and CD8+CD25low cells was similar among patients with influenza A infection and influenza B infection.

Conclusions: An improved understanding of the fraction of regulatory T cells with influenza virus infections may provide further understandings on immune responses.

Keywords: Antivirals; CD25; Immunophenotype; Influenza virus; Treg.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunophenotyping
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Influenza A virus*
  • Influenza B virus*
  • Influenza, Human / immunology*
  • Leukocytes, Mononuclear / cytology
  • Leukocytes, Mononuclear / immunology*
  • Male