Objective: To investigate the association between postprocedural D-dimer, high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C) and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients treated by percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI), in order to clarify the impacts of thrombotic, inflammatory and cholesterol risks on long-term prognosis. Methods: Patients with AMI who underwent emergency PCI from January 2010 to June 2017 in Fuwai Hospital with complete baseline data were enrolled. Patients were stratified into four groups according to quartiles of D-dimer, hs-CRP and LCL-C. Cox regression was used to analyze the relationship between these biomarkers and prognosis. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to characterize the continuous association between risk of all-cause death and biomarkers. The primary outcome was all-cause death. Results: A total of 3 614 patients were included in the analysis. The age was (59.2±12.0) years old, and 2 845 (78.7%) were male and 3 161 (87.5%) patients were diagnosed as ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The follow-up time was 652 (414, 1 880) days. Survival analysis showed that postprocedural D-dimer and hs-CRP were significantly associated with all-cause mortality (all P<0.05). Cox regression with multiple adjustments showed that patients with D-dimer≥580 μg/L presented higher risk of all-cause death (HR=2.03, 95%CI 1.22-3.38, P=0.006), compared to patients with D-dimer<220 μg/L. RCS analysis showed that risk of all-cause death was stably high when D-dimer reached 500 μg/L. Multivariable Cox regression also showed that patients with hs-CRP<2.74 mg/L (HR=1.86, 95%CI 1.10-3.15, P=0.020)or hs-CRP≥11.99 mg/L (HR=2.14, 95%CI 1.35-3.40, P=0.001) presented higher mortality compared to patients whose hs-CRP was 2.74-7.18 mg/L. RCS analysis indicated a J-shaped relation between hs-CRP and mortality, as greater risk of death was observed when hs-CRP was lower than 2 mg/L or higher than 10 mg/L. LDL-C was not associated with outcomes (all P>0.05). Conclusions: Postprocedural D-dimer is significantly associated with long-term prognosis of AMI patients treated by PCI. Patients with extremely high or low levels of hs-CRP presents worse outcomes. Intensive and tailored antithrombotic or anti-inflammatory therapies should be considered for patients with increased thrombotic risk and those with extremely high or low inflammatory risk.
目的： 观察接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）的急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者术后D-二聚体、高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平与预后之间的关系，以评估术后血栓、炎症和胆固醇风险对临床结局的影响。 方法： 连续入选2010年1月至2017年6月于阜外医院接受急诊PCI并且基线资料完整的AMI患者，按术后D-二聚体、hs-CRP和LDL-C水平的四分位界值进行分组，采用单因素和多因素Cox回归分析三者与预后之间的关系，并用限制性立方样条刻画上述标志物与全因死亡风险的关系。研究的主要观察终点为全因死亡。 结果： 共纳入3 614例患者，年龄（59.2±12.0）岁，男性2 845例（78.7%），其中ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者3 161例（87.5%）。随访时间为652（414，1 880）d。单因素生存分析显示，AMI患者PCI术后D-二聚体和hs-CRP水平与全因死亡显著相关（P均<0.05）。多因素Cox回归分析显示，与D-二聚体<220 μg/L患者比较，≥580 μg/L患者全因死亡风险增加（HR=2.03，95%CI 1.22~3.38，P=0.006）；样条回归显示D-二聚体达到500 μg/L后全因死亡风险维持在较高水平。多因素Cox回归分析显示，与hs-CRP 2.74~7.18 mg/L组比较，hs-CRP<2.74 mg/L组（HR=1.86，95%CI 1.10~3.15，P=0.020）和hs-CRP≥11.99 mg/L组（HR=2.14，95%CI 1.35~3.40，P=0.001）的全因死亡风险均明显上升；样条回归显示远期全因死亡风险与hs-CRP水平呈J形关系，hs-CRP水平<2 mg/L或≥10 mg/L的患者死亡风险均明显升高。LDL-C水平与远期预后无显著关联（P均>0.05）。 结论： AMI患者在PCI术后的D-二聚体水平升高增加全因死亡风险，hs-CRP水平过低或过高患者不良预后增加。对于高血栓风险以及炎症风险极高或极低的患者需要优化抗栓和抗炎治疗。.
Keywords: D-dimer; High-sensitivity C-reactive protein; Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Myocardial infarction; Percutaneous coronary intervention; Prognosis.