Balance and musculoskeletal flexibility in children with obesity: a cross-sectional study

Ann Saudi Med. 2020 Mar-Apr;40(2):120-125. doi: 10.5144/0256-4947.2020.120. Epub 2020 Apr 2.

Abstract

Background: Studies on the influence of obesity on different physical parameters such as postural balance and musculoskeletal flexibility are limited and have reported varying results.

Objectives: Measure effect of childhood obesity on balance and musculoskeletal flexibility in Saudi children.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Physiotherapy laboratory.

Subjects and methods: The study included a representative sample of Saudi elementary school children selected from a convenience sample of 150 children. Balance was examined using the Biodex balance system. Calf muscle flexibility was measured by the weight-bearing ankle lunge test while the chest flexibility was measured by the chest expansion test.

Main outcome measures: Postural stability indices and flexibility parameters.

Sample size: 90 elementary school children aged 6 to 11 years, 47 of normal weight and 43 obese children.

Results: All stability indices at different stability levels were significantly impaired in children with obesity ( P≤.05). In terms of musculo-skeletal flexibility, the weight-bearing lunge test distance was shorter in children with obesity ( P=.01). In the chest expansion test, there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P=.32).

Conclusions: Postural balance at different stability levels was impaired in children with obesity and in all planes. The calf muscles were less flexible in obese children.

Limitations: Unblinded, convenience sample so findings are not generalizable.

Conflict of interest: None.

MeSH terms

  • Ankle Joint / physiopathology*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Child
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intercostal Muscles / physiopathology*
  • Leg
  • Male
  • Muscle, Skeletal / physiopathology*
  • Musculoskeletal System / physiopathology
  • Pediatric Obesity / physiopathology*
  • Postural Balance / physiology*
  • Range of Motion, Articular / physiology*
  • Rib Cage / physiopathology*
  • Weight-Bearing

Grants and funding

None.