Dense carbon-nanotube coating scaffolds stimulate osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

Hideki Mori; Yuko Ogura; Kenta Enomoto; Masayuki Hara; Gjertrud Maurstad; Bjørn Torger Stokke; Shinichi Kitamura

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0225589

Dense carbon-nanotube coating scaffolds stimulate osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

PLoS One. 2020 Jan 10;15(1):e0225589. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225589. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Hideki Mori¹, Yuko Ogura², Kenta Enomoto², Masayuki Hara¹, Gjertrud Maurstad³, Bjørn Torger Stokke³, Shinichi Kitamura^{2

4}

Affiliations

¹ Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan.
² Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan.
³ Biophysics and Medical Technology, Department of Physics, NTNU The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
⁴ Center for Research and Development of Bioresources, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan.

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have desirable mechanical properties for use as biomaterials in orthopedic and dental area such as bone- and tooth- substitutes. Here, we demonstrate that a glass surface densely coated with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) stimulate the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs incubated on SWNT- and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT)-coated glass showed high activities of alkaline phosphatase that are markers for early stage osteogenic differentiation. Expression of Bmp2, Runx2, and Alpl of MSCs showed high level in the early stage for MSC incubation on SWNT- and MWNT-coated surfaces, but only the cells on the SWNT-coated glass showed high expression levels of Bglap (Osteocalcin). The cells on the SWNT-coated glass also contained the most calcium, and their calcium deposits had long needle-shaped crystals. SWNT coating at high density could be part of a new scaffold for bone regeneration.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Alkaline Phosphatase / metabolism
Animals
Bone Marrow Cells / classification
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / genetics
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / metabolism
Calcium / chemistry
Cell Differentiation*
Cells, Cultured
Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / genetics
Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / metabolism
Glass / chemistry
Male
Mesenchymal Stem Cells / cytology
Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism
Nanotubes, Carbon / chemistry*
Osteocalcin / genetics
Osteocalcin / metabolism
Osteogenesis*
Rats
Rats, Inbred F344
Tissue Scaffolds / chemistry*

Substances

Bmp2 protein, rat
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit
Nanotubes, Carbon
Runx2 protein, rat
Osteocalcin
Alkaline Phosphatase
Calcium

Grants and funding

This study was funded, in part, by the Joint Project for Advanced Research in Science & Technology (Osaka Prefecture University, Japan) and the research grant for encouragement of young scientists funded by the Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University. No additional external funding was received for this study.