Nano-graphene oxide with antisense vicR RNA reduced exopolysaccharide synthesis and biofilm aggregation for Streptococcus mutans

Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) has been proved to crucial cariogenic pathogens. Antisense vicR RNA reduced the transcription of virulence genes and lead to a reduction in biofilm formation. In the current study, a graphene-oxide plasmid transformation system was developed using interacted GO-polyethylenimine (PEI) complexes loaded with antisense vicR-expressing plasmid (GO-PEI-ASvicR). The particle size distribution and zeta potential of the GO-PEI-based ASvicR were evaluated. Quantitative real-time PCR assays were used to investigate the expression of S. mutans virulence genes. The exopolysaccharide (EPS) production in biofilm were evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy and anthrone method. We showed that GO-PEI could efficiently deliver the ASvicR-expressing plasmid into S. mutans cells and support excellent transcripts of ASvicR. Furthermore, GO-PEI-ASvicR significantly reduced virulent-associated gene expressions, suppressed biofilm aggregation and inhibited EPS accumulation. Our reports demonstrated that preserving nano-graphene oxide with antisense vicR RNA will be a more effective strategy for dental caries management.